Словообразование в английском языке упражнения – Упражнения на словообразование (с ответами)
Упражнения на словообразование (с ответами)
1. Добавьте один из суффиксов (-er, -r, -ian, -ist, -man) к словам, чтобы образовалось название профессии. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Н-р: police (полиция) – policeman (полицейский)
- music (музыка) 8. science (наука)
- journal (журнал) 9. art (искусство)
- post (почта) 10. sports (спорт)
- drive (водить машину) 11. manage (управляться)
- reception (встреча) 12. photograph (фотография)
- electric (электрический) 13. interpret (переводить)
- politics (политика) 14. build (строить)
15. fire (огонь)
2. Посмотрите на суффиксы существительных и прилагательных. Образуйте недостающие слова в столбцах и переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Существительные: —ness, -ion, -ation, -ment, -ance, -ition
Прилагательные: —al, -y, -ly, -ful, -ous, -tific
1) Прилагательное Существительное
1. lucky (удачный) luck (удача)
2. …… happiness (счастье)
3. wonderful (чудесный) ……
4. …… speed (скорость)
5. greedy (жадный) ……
6. …… friend (друг)
7. …… danger (опасность)
8. traditional (традиционный) ……
9. …… science (наука)
10. ill (больной) ……
11. …… truth (правда)
12. …… profession (профессия)
13. …… business (бизнес)
14. healthy (здоровый) ……
15. …… wealth (богатство)
2) Существительное Глагол
- investigation (расследование) investigate (расследовать)
- discussion (обсуждение) ……
- …… appear (выглядеть)
5. …… organize (организовать)
6. …… relax (расслабляться)
7. competition (соревнование) ……
- …… invent (изобретать)
3. Составьте как можно больше слов, добавляя к основе приставки и суффиксы. Используйте словарь. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Н-р: help (помогать) – helpful (услужливый), helpfulness (услужливость), unhelpful (неуслужливый), helpless (беспомощный), helplessness (беспомощность)
Приставка Основа/корень слова Суффикс
1. possible
2. polite -ful
un- 3. stress
4. thought
5. agree -ity
mis- 6. use
7. like
8. taste -less
im- 9. understand
10. hope
11. care -ness
in- 12. mortal
13. human
14. success -ment
dis- 15. conscious
16. popular -able
17. profit
4. Образуйте сложные слова и переведите их.
Н-р: clock (часы) + work (работа) = clockwork (часовой механизм)
Clock, pocket (карман), place (место), ball (мяч), dish (тарелка), sun (солнце), pool (водоем), head (голова), bird (птица), ice (лед), fire (огонь), work, black (черный), cream (сливки), pick (вынимать), swimming (плавание), ache (боль), foot (ступня), washer (мойка), glasses (стекла)
Ответы:
1.
- musician (музыкант) 8. scientist (ученый)
- journalist (журналист) 9. artist (художник)
- postman (почтальон) 10. sportsman (спортсмен)
- driver (водитель) 11. manager (менеджер)
- receptionist (администратор) 12. photographer (фотограф)
- electrician (электрик) 13. interpreter (переводчик)
- politician (политик) 14. builder (строитель)
15. fireman (пожарный)
2.
1)
- lucky (удачный) 9. scientific (научный)
- happy (счастливый) 10. illness (болезнь)
- wonder (чудо) 11. truthful (правдивый)
- speedy (скоростной) 12. professional (профессиональный)
- greed (жадность) 13. busy (деловой)
- friendly (дружелюбный) 14. health (здоровье)
- dangerous (опасный) 15. wealthy (богатый)
- tradition (традиция)
2)
- investigation (расследование) 5. organization (организация)
- invitation (приглашение) 6. relaxation (расслабление)
- discuss (обсуждать) 7. compete (соревноваться)
- appearance (внешность) 8. invention (изобретение)
3.
- impossible (невозможный), possibility (возможность), impossibility (невозможность)
- impolite (невежливый), politeness (вежливость), impoliteness (невежливость)
- stressful (стрессовый), distress (недомогание), distressful (печальный)
- thoughtful (задумчивый), thoughtfulness (задумчивость), thoughtless (бездумный), thoughtlessness (бездумность)
- disagree (не соглашаться), agreement (соглашение), disagreement (расхождение), agreeable (соответствующий), disagreeable (неприятный)
- disuse (перестать употреблять), useful (полезный), misuse (неправильно использовать), useless (бесполезный), uselessness (бесполезность)
- dislike (не любить), likeness (сходство), unlikeness (несходство), unlike (непохожий)
- tasteless (безвкусный), tasteful (со вкусом), tastefulness (хороший вкус), distaste (отвращение), distasteful (противный)
- misunderstand (невернопонять), understandable (понятный), understandability (понятность)
- hopeless (безнадежный), hopeful (оптимистический), hopelessness (безнадежность), hopefulness (надежда)
- careless (беззаботный), careful (заботливый), carelessness (беззаботность), carefulness (тщательность)
- immortal (бессмертный), mortality (смертность), immortality (бессмертие)
- humanity (гуманность), inhuman (бесчеловечный), inhumanity (бесчеловечность)
- successful (успешный) , unsuccessful (безуспешный)
- consciousness (сознательность), unconscious (бессознательный), unconsciousness (бессознательность)
- popularity (популярность), unpopular (непопулярный), unpopularity (непопулярность)
- profitable (прибыльный), profitability (прибыльность), unprofitable (нерентабельный)
4.
fire-place (камин), blackbird (черный дрозд), swimming-pool (бассейн), dishwasher (посудомоечная машина), ice-cream (мороженое), pick-pocket (карманный вор), sunglasses (солнечные очки), football (футбол), headache (головная боль)
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Тренировочные упражнения на словообразование в английском языке для подготовки к ОГЭ.
Тренировочные упражнения на словообразование. Подготовка к ОГЭ.
Test 1
There are many ……………………….. houses in this area. (FASHION)
My parents changed all …………………………… in the house. (FURNISH)
George takes part in all ……………………………. at school. (COMPETE)
My sister is a very …………………………… girl. (ATTRACT)
She is the most ………………………… person in the world! (CARE)
His business is ………………………… cars. (REPAIR)
Oh, it’s so …………………….. to take part in this race! (EXCITE)
I …………………… with you. He is not a lazy boy. (AGREE)
Test 2
I can’t stand visiting …………………… cities. (NOISE)
What is the …………………………… between these men? (DIFFERENT)
You are right. This picture is …………………………… (BEAUTY)
Taking a cold shower in the morning is very …………………… (USE)
My grandmother …………………………… living in the old house.
She wants to buy a new one. (LIKE)
The …………………………. gave me very interesting book. (LIBRARY)
The patient felt much better after proper ……………………….. (TREAT)
There is a ……………………………………… view from the deck of the ship. (PICTURE)
Test 3
The weather today will be cold and ……………………… (WIND)
Your blood ……………………………. Is high. You need to call a doctor. (PRESS)
I’m against John’s …………………… (PROPOSE)
I’m ……………………….. that I’ve been given a chance to hear this outstanding singer. (THANK)
We all listened to the …………………….. with great interest. (SPEAK)
They ran home ………………….. because it was raining. (QUICK)
Playing volleyball is a good ……………………… for young people. (AMUSE)
He is a ………………………… driver. He drives a car badly. (CARE)
Test 4
The food was completely ……………………………. because he was a bad cook. (SAVOR)
Reading books is her ………………….. way of spending free time. (FAVOUR)
He likes swimming and going on ………………………… (EXCURSE)
Never jump off a ……………………. train. (MOVE)
I hope you will take into …………….. what I’ve told you. (CONSIDER)
This new book has got a lot of colorful ……………………… (ILLUSTRATE)
There are many …………………….. poems in this book. (FAME)
My ……………………………. were wrong. He failed the exam. (EXPECT)
Test 5
He has got the best ………………….. of different stamps. (COLLECT)
It is very ……………………… to buy things in the supermarket. (EXPENSE)
The day was really …………………… and we went for a walk to the forest. (WONDER )
My father is a very …………………….. singer. (ORIGIN)
She speaks ……………………….. everywhere. (LOUD)
My best friend takes part in the world …………………………. He is a great sportsman. (CHAMPION)
My sister is very ……………………………….. I can trust her. (RELY)
He was ………………………. to find right answer and got a bad mark. (ABLE)
Test 6
Thank you very much. I’m sure I’ll find it without any ……………………… (DIFFICULT)
There are a lot of ………………………. projects to protect the environment. (GLOBE)
Turn to the right and you’ll ………………….. see this beautiful stature. (IMMEDIATE)
I’ve had some …………………………. nights, so I feel exhausted. (SLEEP)
The …………………….. of the Zoo are wild animals. (INHABIT)
You’ve failed the exam. You should ……………………… it. (WRITE)
The question was so …………………………… that he couldn’t answer it. (DIFFICULTY)
I’ve been waiting for ……………………… to go abroad for two weeks already. (PERMIT)
Test 7
He has ………………………. heard a scream. (SUDDEN)
Her ……………………… were about future trip. (THINK)
On checking up the answers John found out that he had made some ……………… (TAKE)
I ………………………….. do morning exercise with my little brother. (USUAL)
Can you give me some more …………………… about this book? (INFORM)
My necklace has ………………………… I can’t find it anywhere. (APEAR)
British soldiers wounded in the …………………. battles of the war. (BLOOD)
I’ve been to the theatre with my mom ………………………. (RECENT)
Test 8
Mrs Brown sat staring at the letter in ………………………… (BELIEVE)
George likes to drink coffee, ………………………., in the morning. (SPECIAL)
In spite of her parents’ ………………………, Kate became a nurse. (OBJECT)
He became a leader in the movement for national ……………………….. (DEPEND)
My parents will be ………………………………. by me if I fail the exam. (APPOINT)
Most people have no real …………………………. In ghosts. (BELIEVE)
My younger sister likes to read ………………………… stories. (HUMOUR)
I can help you with the ……………………….. of this letter. (TRANSLATE)
Answers:
Test 1
Fashionable, furniture, competitions, attractive, careful, repairing, exciting, disagree
Test 2
Noisy, difference, beautiful, useful, dislikes, librarian, treatment, picturesque
Test 3
Windy, pressure, proposal, thankful, speaker, quickly, amusement, careless
Test 4
Unsavory, favourite, excursions, movement, consideration, illustrations, famous, expectations
Test 5
Collection, expensive, wonderful, original, loudly, championship, reliable, unable
Test 6
Difficulty, global, immediately, sleepless, inhabitants, rewrite, difficult, permission
Test 7
Suddenly, thoughts, mistakes, usually, information, disappeared, bloody, recently
Test 8
Disbelief, especially, objections, independence, disappointed, belief, humorous, translation
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Упражнения на словообразование в английском языке
Упражнения на словообразование
Добавьте один из суффиксов (-er, -r, -ian, -ist, -man) к словам, чтобы образовалось название профессии. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Н-р: police (полиция) – policeman (полицейский)
music (музыка) 8. science (наука)
journal (журнал) 9. art (искусство)
post (почта) 10. sports (спорт)
drive (водить машину) 11. manage (управляться)
reception (встреча) 12. photograph (фотография)
electric (электрический) 13. interpret (переводить)
politics (политика) 14. build (строить)
15.fire (огонь)
2. Посмотрите на суффиксы существительных и прилагательных. Образуйте недостающие слова в столбцах и переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Существительные: —ness, -ion, -ation, -ment, -ance, -ition Прилагательные: —al, -y, -ly, -ful, -ous, -tific
1) Прилагательное Существительное
1. lucky (удачный) luck (удача)
2. …… happiness (счастье)
3. wonderful (чудесный) ……
4. …… speed (скорость)
5. greedy (жадный) ……
6. …… friend (друг)
7. …… danger (опасность)
8. traditional (традиционный) ……
9. …… science (наука)
10. ill (больной) ……
11. …… truth (правда)
12. …… profession (профессия)
13. …… business (бизнес)
14. healthy (здоровый) ……
15. …… wealth (богатство)
2) Существительное Глагол
investigation (расследование) investigate (расследовать)
…… invite (приглашать)
discussion (обсуждение) ……
…… appear (выглядеть)
5. …… organize (организовать)
6. …… relax (расслабляться)
7. competition (соревнование) ……
…… invent (изобретать)
3. Составьте как можно больше слов, добавляя к основе приставки и суффиксы. Используйте словарь. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.
Н-р: help (помогать) – helpful (услужливый), helpfulness (услужливость), unhelpful (неуслужливый), helpless (беспомощный), helplessness (беспомощность)
Приставка Основа/корень слова Суффикс
1. possible
2. polite -ful
un- 3. stress
4. thought
5. agree -ity
mis- 6. use
7. like
8. taste -less
im- 9. understand
10. hope
11. care -ness
in- 12. mortal
13. human
14. success -ment
dis- 15. conscious
16. popular -able
17. profit
4. Образуйте сложные слова и переведите их.
Н-р: clock (часы) + work (работа) = clockwork (часовой механизм)
Clock, pocket (карман), place (место), ball (мяч), dish (тарелка), sun (солнце), pool (водоем), head (голова), bird (птица), ice (лед), fire (огонь), work, black (черный), cream (сливки), pick (вынимать), swimming (плавание), ache (боль), foot (ступня), washer (мойка), glasses (стекла)
Ответы:
1.
musician (музыкант) 8. scientist (ученый)
journalist (журналист) 9. artist (художник)
postman (почтальон) 10. sportsman (спортсмен)
driver (водитель) 11. manager (менеджер)
receptionist (администратор) 12. photographer (фотограф)
electrician (электрик) 13. interpreter (переводчик)
politician (политик) 14. builder (строитель)
15. fireman (пожарный)
2.
1)
lucky (удачный) 9. scientific (научный)
happy (счастливый) 10. illness (болезнь)
wonder (чудо) 11. truthful (правдивый)
speedy (скоростной) 12. professional (профессиональный)
greed (жадность) 13. busy (деловой)
friendly (дружелюбный) 14. health (здоровье)
dangerous (опасный) 15. wealthy (богатый)
tradition (традиция)
2)
investigation (расследование) 5. organization (организация)
invitation (приглашение) 6. relaxation (расслабление)
discuss (обсуждать) 7. compete (соревноваться)
appearance (внешность) 8. invention (изобретение)
3.
impossible (невозможный), possibility (возможность), impossibility (невозможность)
impolite (невежливый), politeness (вежливость), impoliteness (невежливость)
stressful (стрессовый), distress (недомогание), distressful (печальный)
thoughtful (задумчивый), thoughtfulness (задумчивость), thoughtless (бездумный), thoughtlessness (бездумность)
disagree (не соглашаться), agreement (соглашение), disagreement (расхождение), agreeable (соответствующий), disagreeable (неприятный)
disuse (перестать употреблять), useful (полезный), misuse (неправильно использовать), useless (бесполезный), uselessness (бесполезность)
dislike (не любить), likeness (сходство), unlikeness (несходство), unlike (непохожий)
tasteless (безвкусный), tasteful (со вкусом), tastefulness (хороший вкус), distaste (отвращение), distasteful (противный)
misunderstand (невернопонять), understandable (понятный), understandability (понятность)
hopeless (безнадежный), hopeful (оптимистический), hopelessness (безнадежность), hopefulness (надежда)
careless (беззаботный), careful (заботливый), carelessness (беззаботность), carefulness (тщательность)
immortal (бессмертный), mortality (смертность), immortality (бессмертие)
humanity (гуманность), inhuman (бесчеловечный), inhumanity (бесчеловечность)
successful (успешный) , unsuccessful (безуспешный)
consciousness (сознательность), unconscious (бессознательный), unconsciousness (бессознательность)
popularity (популярность), unpopular (непопулярный), unpopularity (непопулярность)
profitable (прибыльный), profitability (прибыльность), unprofitable (нерентабельный)
4.
fire-place (камин), blackbird (черный дрозд), swimming-pool (бассейн), dishwasher (посудомоечная машина), ice-cream (мороженое), pick-pocket (карманный вор), sunglasses (солнечные очки), football (футбол), headache (головная боль)
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Подготовка к ЕГЭ – словообразование [упражнения]
Как известно, Задания 26 – 31 на ЕГЭ – это упражнения на словообразование. Как показывает практика, очень многие считают эти задания едва ли не самыми сложными во всем ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Однако, за каждый из 6 правильных ответов вы можете получить 1 балл, а 6 баллов – это не мало, согласитесь. Поэтому сегодня мы решили обратить внимание именно на словообразование в ЕГЭ и подготовили для вас упражнения для подготовки.
Также в конце статьи вы найдете несколько полезных советов для подготовки к этой части ЕГЭ.
ВАЖНО: на сайте также есть материал, призванный помочь в подготовке к устной части ЕГЭ.
Упражнения для подготовки к ЕГЭ (словообразование).
Вы получите балл за каждый правильный ответ.
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 1. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
The Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomach founded the ancient city of Vladimir in 1108 by. The city contains an important group of monuments. The Cathedral of the Assumption was intended to be the (1) ______________ center of all Russia. | RELIGION |
It was built in the town Kremlin as a single-domed structure with the faсade (2) __________ for its carved reliefs. | REMARK |
Most of the 12th-century frescoes were destroyed by Mongols, but new mural (3) ____________ were added in 1408 by Andrei Rublev and Daniil Chemii, in particular the famous Last Judgment. | PAINT |
Suzdal, which lies some 25 km north of Vladimir, was the site of a (4) ____________ in the 9th and 10th centuries, which became a fortress. A posad, which was housing craftsmen and shopkeepers, developed around it. | SETTLE |
Within, dominating the whole town stands the Cathedral of the Nativity with its five-domed top and Golden Doors. The interior (5) ________________ is important in Russian art. | DECORATE |
The buildings in Vladimir and Suzdal have been the center of (6) _____________ tourism for several decades and a good deal of restoration has been carried out. | CULTURE |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 2. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
Transport in Bangkok
Bangkok is known as the “Venice of the East”. Today, many of the canals have been filled in and paved over to make room for roads, but a massive network of waterways still crosses the city. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Bangkok experienced (1) ____________ influence. | EUROPE |
As a result, the city (2) ____________ shifted to a road-based transport system. | SLOW |
Over the last decade, Bangkok has evolved from a humid riverside city into a modern, rapidly growing Asian (3) ___________ center. Business travelers will appreciate the city’s growth in public transportation and its world-class airport | COMMERCE |
The Suvamabhumi Airport, which is located 25km east of the city center, contributed greatly to Bangkok’s (4) _____________. | DEVELOP |
A modern, convenient elevated rail link connects the airport to the city in 30 minutes, helping (5) ________ avoid traffic jams. | VISIT |
The city’s modern public transportation system is a (6) __________ of sky trains and underground subways. It has transformed the bustling city center into a futuristic district of street-level roads, elevated roads and sky trains. | COMBINE |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 3. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
Cyber communication.
The development of cyber communication — email, text messaging, and social networking — has revolutionized the way we communicate. Quick and ______________ communication via the Internet has proved essential to national governments, and to the individual. | SUCCESS |
Now, we can send and receive important messages, communicate and clarify statements ____________ within seconds. | PRACTICAL |
Cyber communication is very important in _______________ | BUSY |
On a more individual level, cyber communication has transformed the method in which people communicate. In particular, social networking sites have provided access to people in every corner of the globe and their ______________ is growing. | POPULAR |
This has helped old friends living far apart to maintain a close ______________ | RELATION |
For many people, not just teens, social networking has become an alternative to __________ forms of communication — writing a letter, a face-to-face conversation, or a phone call. | TRADITION |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 4. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
The history of paper
Writing has been the center of civilization for centuries. Most of our important records are on paper. In fact, putting thoughts down in written form wasn’t always easy or ______________ | PRACTICE |
Early people discovered that they could make simple ___________ the walls of caves. | DRAW |
__________________ , they couldn’t transport it. | FORTUNATE |
Around 4000 B.C., people started scratching messages into heavy clay tablets. Although this form of written _____________ was now portable, it still was very heavy. | COMMUNICATE |
For centuries, people tried to discover better surfaces on which to record their thoughts. Almost everything _______________ was tried. Wood, stone, ceramics, cloth, bark, metal, silk, bamboo, and tree leaves were all used as a writing surface at one time or another. | IMAGINE |
No major changes in writing materials were to come for about 3,000 years. A Chinese man named Ts’ai Lun Ts’ai Lun, discovered a way to make paper. The importance of this _____________ is hard to overestimate. | INVENT |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 5. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
History of fashion.
Different events in history influence how people dressed during those times. For example, during World War II people used the minimum amount of clothing materials to make simple outfits. They were ________ enough for wartime duties. | PRACTICE |
The profession of _________________ was not popular at the time. | DESIGN |
Sometimes social and political changes affect how people dress. For instance, in the 1980s the idea was that you could become as_________ as you believed yourself to be. Therefore, many people “dressed for success”. Many men and women wore suits that would help them move up the career ladder. | SUCCESS |
Present-day fashion for men is still ____________ . Usually a dark-colored suit is worn with a white shirt and a tie. | CONSERVE |
Some fashions are classic, meaning that they never go out of style. However, other clothing items are______________ for a short season only. | FASHION |
Sometimes the ____________ of a particular outfit depends upon one person — a film star or a pop-singer. | POPULAR |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 6. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
Russia at the 2012 London Olympics
There are different opinions as to the results of the Russian team at the London Olympics. In medal-winning terms, Russia’s 2012 ____________ is better than that at the Beijing Olympics in 2008, improving from 23 gold medals to 24 and up from a total of 73 medals to 82. | PERFORM |
But the British were more _________ with 29 gold medals, moving Russia into the fourth place. | SUCCESS |
The reaction in Russia during the first days of the Olympics was largely __________, but then changed as more and more medals were won. | NEGATION |
Yet, we have to admit that in some ways our sportsmen were _____________. For example, there were no gold medals in weightlifting this time, though we usually had had a number of them at the Olympics. | LUCK |
Alexander Zhukov, president of the Russian Olympic Committee, explains China’s success in the following way: “They have actually copied the Soviet system of children’s _______________. | TRAIN |
He adds: «It is rather difficult for us to return to the Soviet system now and, besides, I doubt whether it is ______________ in this day and age» | REASON |
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 7. Образуйте подходящее по смыслу однокоренное слово.
Understanding poetry
Poetry is a language used to form patterns of sound and thought into work of art. Good poems often seem to suggest more than they say, and complete understanding of the poem often depends upon the sensitivity and ____________ of the reader. | IMAGINE |
Reading poetry in English can be especially ______________ to speakers of other languages because it requires them to think in English. | HELP |
It also requires them to consider the subtle __________ and connotations of words. | MEAN |
To understand the poem is to understand its images. An image is a detailed ___________ that appeals to the senses. | DESCRIBE |
It is like a picture drawn with words and like words, it can have ______ meanings. | VARY |
These images often do more than describe a scene or experience — they try to create an experience for the reader. Poems speak to us in many ways. Poems say to us something that cannot be _________ expressed in any direct or literal way. | FULL |
Ответы к упражнениям для подготовки к ЕГЭ.
УПР. 1
Religious, remarkable, paintings, settlement, decoration, cultural
УПР. 2
European, slowly, commercial, development, visitors, combination
УПР. 3
Successful, practically, business, popularity, relationship, traditional
УПР. 4
Practical, drawings, unfortunately, communication, imaginable, invention
УПР. 5
Practically, designer, successful, conservative, fashionable, popularity
УПР. 6
Performance, successful, negative, unlucky, training, reasonable
УПР. 7
Imagination, helpful, meanings, description, various, fully
Советы по подготовке к ЕГЭ – словообразование.
Выполняя задания на словообразование в ЕГЭ, ученик фактически сталкивается с двумя проблемами:
- Необходимо образовать однокоренное слово
- Необходимо поставить получившееся слова в нужную по контексту грамматическую форму.
Например, если в результате словообразования получается существительное, то необходимо проверить, нет ли необходимости поставить его в форму множественного числа, если глагол – нужно подумать, не нужно ли окончание -s или -ed.
Поэтому, всякий раз, вставляя существительное или глагол, подумайте о форме.
ВАЖНО: очень часто готовясь к словообразованию в ЕГЭ, ученики забывают повторить отрицательные приставки, однако, подобные задания очень часто встречаются, а потому мы рекомендуем вам также следующую статью:
Отрицательные приставки в английском языке. Теория и упражнения
При работе с экзаменационным заданием вначале определите часть речи исходного слова и необходимую часть речи для пропуска. Сделать это можно в опоре на знание словообразовательных элементов и базовой лексики в принципе, с одной стороны, и знание простейшего синтаксиса английского предложения, с другой стороны. Так, например, в позиции между артиклем и существительным может находиться прилагательное.
Если исходное слово и пропущенное слово принадлежат к одной и той же части речи, что является частым случаем для имени прилагательного, учащимся следует подбирать соответствующую отрицательную приставку.
За каждый правильный ответ экзаменуемый получает один балл, т.е. максимум за полностью верное выполнение заданий на контроль лексико-грамматических (словообразовательных) навыков составляет 6 баллов.
Вероятно, вам также будет полезна статья Словообразование в английском — упражнения с ответами
Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!
grammar-tei.com
Словообразование в английском языке упражнения + ответы
1. Переведите сложные существительные и подставьте подходящие по смыслу в предложения.
Mother-in-law, baby-sitter, pen-friend, timetable, software, fairy-tale, motorway, painkiller, skateboard, e-mail, feedback, stomachache, sunshine, update, bedclothes, nutcrackers, outskirts, underpants, swimsuit, water-colour, semicircle, ex-husband.
- 1. I’m going to start working and find a good … for my son. (Я собираюсь начать работать и подыскать хорошую … для сына.)
- 2. I feel sick and I have a terrible … . (Меня тошнит, и я чувствую сильную … .)
- 3. I don’t like noisy cities, I’d rather live in the … . (Я не люблю шумные города, я бы лучше жила в … .)
- 4. Put on your … and let’s go to the beach. (Надевай … и пойдем на пляж.)
- 5. Mary’s favourite … is “Cinderella”. (Любимая … Мэри – это «Золушка».)
- 6. The maid in the hotel changed our … every day. (Горничная в отеле меняла наше … ежедневно.)
- 7. According to the … our bus will come in 20 minutes. (Согласно … наш автобус приедет через 20 минут.)
2. Переведите сложные прилагательные и подставьте подходящие по смыслу в предложения.
Open-minded, easy-going, old-fashioned, blue-eyed, red-haired, snow-white, well-built, duty-free, good-looking, broad-shouldered, good-tempered, hand-made, absent-minded, short-sighted.
1. My granny is 65 years old but she isn’t … at all. (Моей бабушке 65 лет, но она совсем не … .)
2. Put on this expensive suit. You must be … for your job interview. (Надень этот дорогой костюм. Ты должен быть … на собеседовании.)
3. He is very kind, I’ve never seen him angry. I find him … and … . (Он очень добрый, я никогда не видел его сердитым. Я нахожу его … и … .)
4. She always forgets her things, she is very … . (Она всегда забывает свои вещи, она очень … .)
5. He is fond of weightlifting in the gym, that’s why he is so … . (Он увлекается тяжелой атлетикой в спортзале, поэтому он такой … .)
6. This bag wasn’t produced in a factory, it is … . (Эта сумка изготовлена не на фабрике, она … .)
7. I have to go to the doctor and have my eyes tested, I am too … . (Мне нужно пойти к врачу и проверить свои глаза, я слишком … .)
3. Поставьте в предложения слова, стоящие в скобках, добавив необходимые приставки и/или суффиксы.
Например: Your blood … is really high today. (press — давить) (Твое артериальное … очень высокое сегодня.) – Your blood pressure is really high today. (Твое артериальное давление очень высокое сегодня.)
1. Our … is very strong. (friend – друг) (Наша … очень крепкая.)
2. Her water-colour … are so sweet. (draw – рисовать) (Ее акварельные … очень милые.)
3. It was very … to ignore my invitation. (polite – вежливый) (Это было очень … проигнорировать мое приглашение.)
4. The key stuck in the door and I can’t … it now. (lock – запирать) (Ключ застрял в двери, и теперь я не могу ее … .)
5. I can see … in your eyes. (happy – счастливый) (Я вижу … в твоих глазах.)
6. The soup is ready. It’s on the … . (cook – готовить) (Суп готов. Он находится на … .)
7. We can say without … that he is the best boxer in our city. (hesitate – сомневаться) (Мы можем сказать без …, что он – лучший боксер в нашем городе.)
8. The car … will compensate the damage of your car. (insure – страховать) (… автомобиля компенсирует вам ущерб, нанесенный машине.)
9. Mother says I was naughty in my … . (child – ребенок) (Мама говорит, что я был капризным в … .)
10. When I’m stressed or tired I often … and then I put on weight. (eat – есть) (Когда у меня стресс или я устаю, я часто …, а затем прибавляю в весе.)
11. Water … is one of the largest problems in our world. (pollute – загрязнять) (… воды является одной из крупнейших проблем в мире.)
12. Her face was flushed with … . (excite – волновать) (Ее лицо пылало от … .)
13. Unfortunately he doesn’t have any … . (imagine – воображать) (К сожалению, у него нет никакого … .)
14. I am satisfied with the new … . (equip – оборудовать) (Я довольна новым … .)
15. Don’t be afraid, the dog is … . (harm – вред) (Не бойся, собака … .)
16. The operation was … without an anaesthetic. (pain – боль) (Операция была … без обезболивающего.)
17. The law protects children from … . (cruel – жестокий) (Закон защищает детей от … .)
18. There are a lot of … places in the park. (history – история) (В парке много … мест.)
19. There is a … of a new tornado in our region. (possible – возможный) (В нашем регионе существует … нового торнадо.)
20. They got married without their parents’ … . (permit – разрешать) (Они поженились без … родителей.)
Ответы на упражнения:
1.
Теща/свекровь, няня, друг по переписке, расписание, программное обеспечение, сказка, автомагистраль, болеутоляющее, скейтборд, электронная почта, обратная связь, боль в животе, солнечный свет, обновление, постельное белье, щипцы для орехов, окрестности, кальсоны, купальник, акварель, полукруг, бывший супруг.
1. baby-sitter
2. stomachache
3. outskirts
4. swimsuit
5. fairy-tale
6. bedclothes
7. timetable
2.
Непредвзятый, покладистый, старомодный, голубоглазый, рыжеволосый, белоснежный, хорошо сложенный, беспошлинный, привлекательный, широкоплечий, добродушный, ручной работы, рассеянный, близорукий.
1. old-fashioned
2. good-looking
3. easy-going, good-tempered
4. absent-minded
5. well-built
6. hand-made
7. short-sighted
3.
- 1. friendship – дружба
- 2. drawings – рисунки
- 3. impolite – невежливо
- 4. unlock — отпереть
- 5. happiness – счастье
- 6. cooker – плита
- 7. hesitation — сомнение
- 8. insurance – страхование
- 9. childhood – детство
- 10. overeat – переедать
- 11. pollution – загрязнение
- 12. excitement – волнение
- 13. imagination – воображение
- 14. equipment – оборудование
- 15. harmless – безобидный
- 16. painful – болезненный
- 17. cruelty – жестокость
- 18. historical – исторический
- 19. possibility – возможность
- 20. permission – разрешение
online-teacher.ru
Упражнения на отработку основных способов словообразования в современном английском языке
Name____________Surname__________________________________Date______________11 Form
Task1Form nouns from the words with the help of suffixes “-ment-“, “-ant-“, “- ness-“ and “ –ist-”
Example: to employ- employment
appoint _______________________ move ____________________________ mad ______________________________ enjoy _______________________________ science ______________________________ advertise _____________________________ govern ________________________________ | type __________________________________ develop __________________________________ improve _________________________________ material ______________________________ judge ________________________________ kind ________________________________ entertain _____________________________ |
Task 2. Give the nouns which describe people who do things or who come from places. Use these noun endings:-an, -ant, -ar , -er,/-an, -ist, -or
Example: 1 He acts very well. He’s a fine actor
1. Don’t beg. You’re not a _______________
I can’t play the piano. I’m not a_______________
She drives well. She’s a good _____________
Manuel assists me. He’s my________________
She always tells lies. She’s such a ______________
Anna is studying history. She’s a fine_______________
Task 3 Give the nouns derived from verbs, adjectives or other nouns. Use the endings: — age, -hood, -at/on, -ion, -ful, -ence, -ness, -al, -ment, -ety,- ism, -ity
Example: I decided this. It was my decision.
Don’t be anxious. Control your__________________________.
Ann’s socialist. She believes in ___________________________.
We all want to be happy. We all seek.______________________.
We all agree. We’re all in_________________________________
Who discovered this? Who made this_________________________?
We’ll arrive. We’ll be met on________________________________.
I was a child then. That was in my _____________________________.
She is absent. Can you explain her______________________________?
Be more efficient. improve your_________________________________
Don’t be so curious. Control your ______________________________.
I refused their offer. My_________________________is final.
Task 4 .Read the text bellow. Use the words given in capitals to form a noun that fits in each gap.
Many people who think they have a professional future in films
B11 go to Hollywood only to find__________________ instead of Disappoint
success. They often have to give up the more enjoyable aspects
B 12 of their chosen career to play parts in_______________________ Advertise
B13because these provide financial______________________- but they Secure
B14 are not satisfying. For many actors, even basic_________________ Survive
Can be difficult. Some do not earn enough to pay their rent or
electricity bills, and the time and money they invest in the
B15 ____________________ of a portfolio for interviews is often washed. Prepare
B16 of course there is a possible _______________ why only 1%of Explain
B 17_______________are really successful .There are just too many Act
B18 people who believe that their next ___________- will be the one Perform
that makes them a star.
Task 5. Put the verbs into the correct forms
1. What you (do) when Ben phoned?_______________________________________________________
2. They (move) into their new flat yet? _____________________________________________________
3. Do you know what they (discuss) now? __________________________________________________
4. The problem is more serious than we ( to expect). __________________________________________
5. What a boring film! It’s the most boring film I ever (see). ____________________________________
6. I’ll be surprised if you (pass) your exams successfully. _______________________________________
7. Look! The bus (be) completely empty. There (be) nobody on it. _______________________________
8. Nancy (look) like her father. ___________________________________________________________
9. My Mum (cook) while I (do) my homework. ______________________________________________
10. Linda (wait) for the bus when I saw her. _________________________________________________
Task 6. Why do people learn foreign languages? (Write a few words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys
Task 1. appointment, movement, madness, enjoyment, scientist, advertisement, materialist, judgment kindness, entertainment, consultant, government, typist, development, improvement.
Task 2. 2 beggar, 3 pianist, 4 driver, 5 assistant, 6 liar, 7 historian.
Task 3. `1 anxiety, 2socialism, 3.happiness 4 argument 5discovery, 6 arrival, 7childhood, 8 absence, 9 efficiency,10 curiosity, 11refusal, 12explanation, 13argument.
Task 5.1 agreement, 2 investigation, 3 description, 4 improvement
Task 6. DISAPPOINTMENT, ADVERTISEMENTS, SECURITY, SURVIVAL, PREPARATION, EXPLANATION, ACTORS, PERFORMAN
НАИБОЛЕЕ УПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫЕ СУФФИКСЫ ГЛАГОЛОВ | ||
СУФФИКС | ЗНАЧЕНИЕ | ПРИМЕР |
(сущ. +) -ize | делать(ся) таким, как на то указывает основа | summarize суммировать |
(прил. +) -en | harden делать(ся) твердым | |
(сущ. +) -ify, -fy | превращать в, делать то, на что указывает основа | gasify превращать(ся) в газ; electrify электризовать |
(сущ. +) -ate | подвергать воздействию, превращать в то, на что указывает основа | vaccinate делать прививку; granulate гранулировать |
-er | whisper шептать | |
-ish | establish устанавливать |
НАИБОЛЕЕ УПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫЕ СУФФИКСЫ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ | |||
СУФФИКС | ЗНАЧЕНИЕ | ПРИМЕР | |
(гл. +) -er, -or | обозначение деятеля | worker рабочий | |
(гл. +) -ing | действие в процессе | boiling кипячение | |
(прил. +) -ness | свойство, качество | whiteness белизна | |
(прил. +) -ty, -ity | состояние, условие, качество | activity деятельность | |
(гл. +) -age | акт или факт действия | breakage поломка | |
(сущ. +) -age | содержание чего-либо (единиц измерения) | percentage процентное содержание | |
(гл. +) -ment |
| treatment лечение | |
(гл. +) -ance, -ence | resistance сопротивление | ||
(гл. +) -ancy, -ency | expectancy надежда | ||
(прил. +/сущ. +) -dom | freedom свобода | ||
(гл. +) -ion, -tion, -sion,-ssion | revision повторение | ||
-ure | pressure давление | ||
-hood | childhood детство | ||
-ship | friendship дружба | ||
-th | length длина | ||
-an, -ian | 1) национальность; 2) профессия | American американец, librarian библиотекарь | |
-ism | К.-л. течение(политическое) | communism коммунизм | |
-ist | 1) принадлежность к.-л. течению; 2) профессия | communist коммунист; artist художник |
СУФФИКС | ЗНАЧЕНИЕ | ПРИМЕР |
(сущ. +) -al |
| central центральный |
(сущ. +) -ic | patriotic патриотический | |
(сущ. +) -ical | geological геологический | |
(сущ. +) -ous | famous известный | |
(сущ. +) -ful | useful полезный | |
(гл. +) -able, -ible | expressible выразительный | |
(гл. +) -ant, -ent | dependent зависимый | |
(гл. +) -ive | active активный | |
(сущ. +) -ly | friendly дружелюбный | |
(сущ. +) -y | grainy зернистый | |
(гл. +) -ite | favourite любимый | |
-ary | pecuniary денежный | |
-ate | fortunate удачный | |
-ed | cold-blooded хладнокровный | |
-less | отсутствие качества, признака | useless бесполезный |
-ish | 1) наличие признака в слабой степени; 2) принадлежность к национальности | reddish красноватый; Polish польский |
-ese | принадлежность к национальности | Japanese японский |
-ian, -an | Egyptian египетский | |
-like | сходство | birdlike птицеподобный |
-ern | принадлежность к одной из сторон света | northern северный |
НАИБОЛЕЕ УПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕФИКСЫ И ИХ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ | |||||
ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕФИКСЫ | ДРУГИЕ ПРЕФИКСЫ | ||||
ПРЕФИКС | ПРИМЕР | ПРЕФИКС | ЗНАЧЕНИЕ | ПРИМЕР | |
un- | unable неспособный | re- (+ гл.) | вновь сделать то, на что указывает основа | remake переделывать | |
in- | inactive бездеятельный | ||||
im- | impossible невозможный | en-, em- (+ гл.) | придавать качество | embody воплощать | |
il- | illegal незаконный | ||||
ir- | irregular неправильный | over- (+ гл.) | избыточная степень качества или выполнения действия | overproduce перепроизводить | |
mis- | misunderstand неправильно понять | ||||
dis- | disapproval неодобрение | under- (+ гл.) | недостаточная степень качества или выполнения действия | underestimate недооценивать |
kopilkaurokov.ru
Английский язык. Слоовообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ/ ОГЭ
Данные задания на слоовообразование составлены по материалам пособия «Сборник тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку» (М. Вербицкая, Малколм Манн и др.) и входят в цикл Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ. Раздел «СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ».
Задания рекомендуется выполнять после изучения теоретического материала по словобразованию, ссылки на который дан перед упражнениями.
Словообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ.
Суффиксы существительного
Задание 1. Измените слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию предложения.
ПРИМЕР. Animal __________ will enjoy the performance. love
Animal lovers will enjoy the performance. — Любители животных получат удовольствие от представления.
Здесь требуется поставить существительное — lover во множ. число, исходя из контекста.
- This __________ is passed through the generations. able
- Stress is the ___________ with which syllables are pronounced. strong
- His ______________led him to discovering a lot of information. curious
- This book contains _________of the centuries. wise
- This film takes me back to my ____________. child
- he ___________of this corridor was surprising. long
- It will be disastrous for the ___________. human
- I appreciate our ___________. friend
- I will die of ____________if I live that long. bored
- The __________of her feelings was unexpected for me. warm
- The____________is given to particularly bright students. scholar
- He was famous for his ___________ . serious
- The ___________of this song is incredible. popular
- We were surprised at the _________in her speech. differ
- It is easy to learn how to do this _________. active
- The airplane started to lose __________. high
* * *
Задание 2. Form nouns from the words in bold.
- The Hercules was famous for his _________ . strong
- The ____________of the swimming pool was about 5 meters. wide
- I was surprised by the ______________ of the tablecloth. white
- The _________of the Tower and the __________ of the walls made it a perfect prison. high, thick
- The ___________was delayed by fog for an hour. fly
- Giving alive ___________is quite different from performing on a film. perform
- Our ___________to predict the weather depends on the information we have. able
- Another major ____________is the shape of the ball. different
- The __________of the baseball is very great in America. popular
- Much of his ________ Chekhov lived in severe poverty. child
- The ______of London since then has been incredible. grow
- We moved to our new ______________last spring. resident
- Many encyclopedias state with __________that the Nile is the longest river in the world. confident
- Her acting is closer to __________. real
- The ship was in ___________condition. excellence
- The story of the dodo`s ___________is one example of man`s effect on the environment. appear
- He had ____________in finding a job. difficult
- Each _____________is worth considering. possible
* * *
Задание 3. Form nouns from the words in bold.
- The ______________ of this building took 20 years from start to finish. construct
- Famous __________were held in the Tower. prison
- Many _____________come to London each year. visit
- There are a lot of ______________courses to improve your skills. train
- Before the ____________of the hot air balloon, no human had ever successfully flown into the air. invent
- The first successful __________was in 1783. fly
- The ___________of the balloon depends on the wind. direct
- The _____________and response of the audience can affect how the actor feels and performs. behave
- They want to have the opportunity to do some real _____. act
- London is an ideal place nightlife ____________. entertain
- Special _____________is used to collect weather data. equip
- He never seemed to be interested in ____________. educate
- An _______________called Clarence went on an expedition to Canada with his family. explore
- He is famous for his finding the __________to the problem. solve
- His success was an remarkable_______. achieve
- The ____________of its place is unknown. locate
- What is your ______________of the performance? impress
* * *
Задание 4. Form nouns from the words in bold.
- ________will find these products on sale in the supermarkets. shop
- He never seemed to be interested in ____________. educate
- In New York he became a ____________at drama school. study
- The ship left for New York with a crew of seven professional _________. sail
- To the crew’s__________ they discovered that nobody was on the island. astonish
- Each flag has its additional _____________. mean
- Another ___________started at once. argue
- Brighton is an ideal place for____________ . relax
- There are eleven ___________in each team in cricket. play
- They tried to persuade the ______________to introduce new laws. govern
- The road __________must be improved. safe
- It is ___________to drive without seatbelt. legal
- Finding a good job is uneasy without proper ____________. qualify
- Many people consider the ____________of moving away. possible
- It is necessary to fill the _______________form. apply
- The rate of _________________is very high. employ
- You have a great _____________. imagine
- To our great ___________, it started to rain. disappoint
- The better your education is, the less_____________you will have in finding a job. difficult
Словообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ
Суффиксы и префиксы прилагательного
Задание 1. Form adjectives from the words in bold.
- Huge ___________dinosaurs used to walk on the Earth. power
- This private boat carried a cargo of _______________products. commerce
- The dodo lived on an island where he had no ___________enemies. nature
- There are hundreds of ______________hotels in sunny Brighton. comfort
- Enjoy delicious dishes in ____________ restaurants. fashion
- Taking part in this attraction can be a bit. risk
- The story describes the ______________action of people. hero
- _________plays are staged on Broadway. vary
- The road was in ________________condition. excellence
- The _____________method is always in great use. help
- My father doesn’t buy _____________newspapers. expense
- Who is _______________for making changes in our society? response
- The Russians are considered to be very _____________. hospitality
- The ______________equipment needs to be checked. electricity
- I was impressed by French ______________cuisine. delicacy
- She is not self- ________________. confidence
- The job will give him more _______________freedom. artist
- Paul’s Cathedral is an _________________building. impress
- In the old days the only ___________means of transport was the horse. person
- The trip was very ______________. benefit
- Is your answer _______________ from mine? differ
Задание 2. Form adjectives from the words in bold. Mind the prefix UN-
- Two _____________brothers Montgolfier were responsible for designing the first air balloon. France
- The design of the balloon was based on ____________________law. science
- Some ________________flyers have had an accident. fortunate
- The first ________________flight was in 1783. success
- You can go on a _______________ride on a horse back. enjoy
- He had an ____________________idea. imagine
- More ______________visitors can try «The Vampire Ride». adventure
- Riding fast high above the park can be a ______________experience . scare
- Nature is so ___________________that’s why we cannot forecast more than for a few days. predict
- _______ people or things existed in the past are considered to be a part of history. history
- ____________baseball began in the USA in 1865. profession
- In the USA baseball is considered as a __________sport. nation
- It will be an ________________experience for me. forget
- He started his own business and became ________________. wealth
- The bridge was very ________________. use
- It has become the place of _______________importance. globe
- At first sight it seems _________________. believe
- The situation is becoming more __________________. understand
- She is a very _________________woman. effect
- Everyone fell _____________in the room. silence
- It was the most _________________journey I have ever had. please
Словообразование. Задания в формате ЕГЭ
Суффиксы и префиксы глагола
Задание 1. Form verbs from the words in bold.
- He _______________ and lay on the bed. dress
- He could enter the house because the door was ___________. lock
- The usual practice at the History lesson is to ___________texts. tell
- The exercise must be ________________. write
- Teachers sometimes _____________students. understand
- When the child ______________ she was unable to cope with him. behave
- The parents ____________ the child to go out late at night. allow
- When the days begin to ____________then the cold begins to _____________. long/ strong
- They’re trying _____________our name. black
- The snow ____________the mountain tops. white
- Don’t let this ______________ you. courage
- He was ____________by his family to learn music at a young age. courage
- The town is ______________by fortified walls. circle
- The route was built to ______________trucks to get around a waterfall. able
- No argument can __________a war. just
- If you ____________ a substance, you make it pure by removing any dirty substances from it. pure
- You have ______________him as an ambitious person. character
- His mother rarely___________ him or any of her children. critic
- I’m sure Rose will _____________many of us. live
- The men tried to __________ each other in their generosity. do
Задание 2. Form verbs from the words in bold.
- The building must be __________________. construct
- The symptoms of her illness have____________. appear
- The student__________the teacher and did the wrong exercise. hear
- Last week the government ______________ the citizens about the political situation in the country. inform
- His own mind was ___________and ______________by foreign travel. large/rich
- Martin ___________all the people in the area. He died at the age of 101. live
- The elderly are usually _______________with the young. satisfy
- Nowadays the risk of serious illness has________. less
- Do you mean to____________ me? threat
- Unfortunately, the cooperation between two countries was _______________. organize
- The line was ___________, though not dead. connect
- I am very ________________ with you. appoint
- The students _______________ the teacher. obey
- What does the emblem _______________? symbol
- If someone_________a word, they spell it wrongly. spell
- Don’t let this ______________ you. courage
- He was ____________by his family to learn music at a young age. courage
- He recognized her voice and his face ____________. soft
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