Конспект для детей старшего дошкольного возраста «Живая и неживая природа», ФГОС

Конспект НОД в старшей группе на тему «Живая и неживая природа»

Цель:  Познакомить детей с понятием « Живая и неживая природа», развивать познавательную активность в процессе экспериментирования; расширять знания о свойствах воды. 
Задачи:
— развивать любознательность, память;
— развивать навыки активной речи, обогащать активный словарь;
— способствовать развитию познавательных интересов;
-расширить знания о живой и неживой природе, показать их взаимозависимость;
— учить быстро находить правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос;
— обобщить, уточнить ранее полученные знания о свойствах воды;
— развивать навыки проведения опытов;
— расширять и активизировать словарь детей;
— развивать умение самостоятельно делать выводы на основе практического опыта;
— воспитывать аккуратность при работе с водой. 
Методы и материалы: игровые, практические, словесные, наглядные
Индивидуальная работа: активизировать малоактивных детей
Оборудование:
— схема живой природы;
— картинки живой и неживой природы;
— сундучок;
— стаканчики по 3шт( с водой, с землей, пустой)на каждого и ложечки по количеству детей;
— губки по количеству детей — блюдца по количеству детей.

Ход занятия: —

Воспитатель: Ребята, поздоровайтесь, у нас сегодня гости. 
(Дети здороваются). 
Воспитатель читает стихотворение:
Вот на земле огромный дом
Под крышей голубой
Живут в нем солнце, дождь и гром (1 слайд)
Лес и морской прибой,   (2слайд)
Живут в нем птицы и цветы, (3слайд) 
Веселый звон ручья. 
Живешь в том светлом доме ты (4 слайд)
И все твои друзья. 
Куда б дороги не вели, 
Всегда ты будешь в нем. 
Природою родной Земли  (5 слайд)
Зовется этот дом. 
Сегодня мы с Вами поговорим о природе – А что такое природа? (Ответы детей) 
Правильно это – цветы, реки, деревья, растения, человек, животные, воздух, вода, горы, камни, звезды.
– Всю природу можно разделить на два огромных мира: мир живой и неживой природы.
Живая природа — это все, что растет, дышит, питается, развивается
Неживая природа — это все то, что не дышит, не растет, не развивается. Определить что относиться к живой природе , и к неживой природе нам поможет во эта схема(показывает схему 6 слайд) .
Мы уже с вами умеем пользоваться помощниками схемами, с помощью их мы учили стихи, составляли рассказы.

Давайте рассмотрим эту схему . Что вы видите в первом квадрате? (ответы детей)

Это первый признак объектов живой природы — она растет.

Второй признак всего живого – они дышат, на схеме это обозначено маленькими кружочками как будто воздух.

Как вы думаете, что обозначает знак – чашечка? ( ответы детей)

А вот стрелочки означают движение. Все живое движется.

Следующий признак живой природы- все ее объекты размножаются.

Делаем вывод …..все живое растет, дышит, питается, движется, размножается. А неживое

Дети : Не растет, не дышит, не питается, не движется, не размножается
Воспитатель: Молодцы! Я вас проверю, сейчас поиграем в игру «Живое и Неживое».

Воспитатель объясняет правила: Определите принадлежность изображений на карточках к живой или неживой природе. Нужно поместить карточки с изображением неживой природы на белое поле, а карточки с изображением неживой природы на красное поле.

Дети: Раскладывают карточки на два поля: живые объекты на красное ,объекты не живой природы на белое поле, объясняя свое действие обращаясь к схеме.

Воспитатель: Молодцы ребята правильно разложили карточки. (дети садятся на стулья).

Воспитатель: (7 слайд) Ребята, а вы знаете, что живые организмы не могут жить без неживой природы. Без воды, тепла, света ,воздуха не может выжить не один живой организм, а значит и мы с вами. Поэтому можно сказать ,что живая и неживая природа живут рядом ,они друг другу помогают, они дружат. Они взаимосвязаны между собой.

Поочередно звучит запись — пение птиц — звук ветра- звук дождя

Воспитатель : Кто это, ( Что это)

Дети: Птицы, ветер, дождь

Воспитатель: Это живая или неживая природа

Дети : — звук ветра – неживая природа

— пение птиц- живая природа

-дождя –неживая природа
Воспитатель: Ребята, из чего состоит дождь?

Дети: Вода
Воспитатель: Правильно, дождь — это вода. Сегодня мы продолжим исследовать воду. Давайте вспомним, какие свойства воды мы уже знаем. А поможет нам в этом наш коллаж.

Дети: Вода прозрачная, бесцветная, не имеет формы, безвкусна тд
Воспитатель: А сегодня мы узнаем еще одно свойство воды,проведя опыты. Садитесь все в нашу лабораторию.

Дети: Садятся
Воспитатель: Давайте вспомним правила поведения при проведения опыта ? 
Дети: Нельзя делать резких движений. Громко разговаривать. Действовать строго по инструкции. Не мешать друг ,другу. 
Воспитатель: Правильно

Опыты: 1 «Куда спряталась вода» Вода впиталась в губку.

2 « Вода и земля» Вода проникла в землю

3 « Очищение воды» Вода просочилась через марлю и очистилась от мусора

4 «Расцветающий цветок» Вода впиталась в бумагу и бумага расправилась

5 « Волшебный сундучок» 
Воспитатель: Вот мы и узнали еще об одном свойстве воды. А каком
Дети: Вода проникает, просачивается.

Воспитатель: Ребята вы сегодня очень хорошо, дружно , занимались и я хочу вас угостить соком.

Что такое сок?

Д: это жидкость

В: вы правы сок-это жидкость, как и вода. Угощайтесь, что вы чувствуете?

Д: он тоже будет просачиваться в нас .Чувствуете как просачивается сок. Мы пьем, а сок проникает в нас. Как приятно. И мне сегодня было приятно с вами исследовать. Вы очень были внимательны при выполнении опытов. А что вам понравилось сегодня.

Дети: Делятся впечатлениями от занятия. Рассказывают ,что они узнали новое.
Воспитатель: давайте спросим у наших гостей, а что они узнали сегодня нового?

Давайте скажем до свидания нашим гостям, оденемся и пойдём на улицу — дышать свежим воздухом!

90000 Can Living And Non-living Follow Same Rules? Unifying The Animate And Inanimate Designs Of Nature — ScienceDaily 90001 90002 Living beings and inanimate phenomena may have more in common than previously thought. 90003 90002 At least that is the view of Duke University engineer Adrian Bejan and Penn State biologist James Marden. 90003 90002 What they believe connects the two worlds is a theory that flow systems — from animal locomotion to the formation of river deltas — evolve in time to balance and minimize imperfections.Flows evolve to reduce friction or other forms of resistance, so that they flow more easily with time. This view has been termed the constructal law, which Bejan first stated 13 years ago. 90003 90002 With the help of Marden, Bejan believes that he has now unified both the biological and geophysical principles of nature’s design through the constructal law, which can also be viewed as the physics of evolution. 90003 90002 «This is an exciting development for physicists, but it should also resonate with biologists,» Bejan said.»The idea that organic evolution is analogous to the way form evolves in inanimate flow systems is a novel concept that has the potential to unite perspectives and approaches across disparate disciplines. We suggest that the constructal law provides a powerful tool for examining and understanding variation in both the animate and inanimate compartments of nature. » 90003 90002 The team’s findings were published online in the journal 90013 Physics of Life Reviews 90014. It was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation. 90003 90002 The story began with the two scientists trying to determine if the same laws applied to two very different forms of locomotion — the swimming of fish and the running or flying of animals. The commonly held belief among biologists was that fish locomotion was different than other animal locomotion. Since they live in water, the conventional wisdom held, fish were different because they would not be subject to gravity.90003 90002 The way Bejan saw it, birds and animals could be seen as weight-lifters, since their means of locomotion required effort with an unyielding base — the ground — and a limitless top — the air. He argued that as fish swim, they too have an unyielding floor — the sea bed. Hence, water flowed over and around them like the air over runners and flyers. 90003 90002 So, fish too were weight-lifters, and these forms of locomotion are predicted by the constructal law, Bejan said. 90003 90002 «Our discovery that animal locomotion adheres to the constructal law tells us that — even though you could not predict exactly what animals would look like if you started evolution over on Earth, or it happened on another planet — with a given gravity and density of their tissues, the same basic patterns of their design would evolve again, «Marden said.90003 90002 In numerous papers over past decade, Bejan has demonstrated that the constructal law predicts the design of a wide range of flow systems seen in nature, from biology and geophysics to social dynamics and technology evolution. 90003 90002 «When thinking of evolution and Darwin, most people think of animals or trees,» Bejan said. «That’s too bad, because design features are everywhere in nature. The constructal law can be seen as a universal principle of evolution, which applies in many fields, from physics to economics.»90003 90002 He describes the law as an animated movie, where one screen is replaced by another screen on which the currents flow with greater ease. He sees the constructal law (http://www.constructal.org) as the time direction of the movie, flow configurations (designs, drawings) that flow more easily. «90003 90002 «The constructal law can be seen to cover ‘natural design’ phenomena across the board,» Bejan said, «as a compact summary of common observations, the tape of evolution running in one direction, which may be expressed in physics terms simply as : time and configuration.»90003 90002 90033 Story Source: 90034 90003 90002 Materials provided by 90033 Duke University 90034. 90013 Note: Content may be edited for style and length. 90014 90003 .90000 Speech on Nature in simple and easy words 90001 90002 We all love nature in some or the other way, is not it? For instance, some love nature for its lush greenery, breathtaking beauty and some love it for its gifts, such as herbs and shrubs. In other words, nature gives us many things in abundance so that we can live a fulfilling life. Therefore, when it is such an integral part of our lives, students in particular are given assignments on nature or are asked to deliver a speech on nature in order to raise awareness.In fact, sometimes various organizations who work closely in protecting nature have to deliver a talk on it. Under this situation, our speeches come to their rescue. Our both short speech on nature as well as long speech on nature are written with a view to help students and other people who are in need of comprehensive nature speeches that are easy to understand. So read our easy to understand speeches and get an informed understanding on the subject. 90003 90004 Speech on Nature 90005 90006 Speech on Nature — 1 90007 90002 Respected Teachers and My Dear Students — Warm Greetings to All! 90003 90002 The morning assembly has come to a close.Now, as the principal of this school, it becomes my responsibility to organize interactive sessions with my students. The reason being, I hardly get the opportunity to engage with you all and exchange our thought processes. Today the reason behind my addressing you all is to deliver a speech on nature and throw light on the vital role that nature plays in our lives. From quite some time, I am distressed after seeing man destroying nature and using it inconsiderately to meet his ends. Instead of giving back to nature or protecting it from various external threats — we are only exploiting the resources and gifts of nature.Is this right on our parts? Let me raise this question to all the children who are going to take responsibility of our mother earth in near future. 90003 90002 Our lives as human beings started on this planet Earth and since then our «Mother earth» has been exposed to external threats of destruction and mistreatment. Due to the inherent selfish nature of human beings, beautiful forests have been destroyed, rivers have been polluted and vast open lands have been usurped for building factories or other architectural development.Human beings are incessantly involved in such activities as hunting down animals, cutting down trees, releasing poisonous gases in the atmosphere, polluting rivers, etc. We do not even realize that we are invoking the anger of mother earth and are putting our existence under severe threat. Our earth is literally experiencing several strokes of destructive activities due to which the river beds are going dry, plants are dying and species of mammals have become extinct. Yet another grave problem that the world is grappling with in today’s time is ‘global warming’ which has a serious impact on our environment, such as melting down of glaciers, rising sea level and the change of climate at a fast pace.So we all must keep a check on our activities and help to bring such situations under control. 90003 90002 Now, the question comes how we can keep a check on our activities? Well, it will not require a lot from you. For instance, water is an important natural resource, so we should save every drop of water but turning off the tap when not in use and not unnecessarily using flushes or showers as these resulting in the excess wastage of water. Then, do not throw garbage in rivers or drain as these activities pollute our water bodies.As far as protecting our plants is concerned, do not use chemical pesticides and switch to home remedies or to various other eco-friendly means. In addition to this, I will also advice you to not throw your rotten fruits, vegetables, leftover food, discarded teabags, egg shells in the garbage bins and instead use them to prepare organic manure for your home garden. Activities, such as composting are prove to be of great help in recycling waste products into useful manures. 90003 90002 Likewise, save your energy consumption.Switch off the power button when no one is in the room. Do not use personal vehicles, when public transportation can be used. In fact, you can even use bicycles for small distances and protect your environment from harmful release of gases. Thus, through these simple yet effective measures you can contribute greatly towards saving our mother nature from further exploitation. 90003 90002 In the end, I would just say that do not keep this information to yourself and spread the message around so that every person can become a responsible global citizen and helps in saving our planet.90003 90002 Thank You! 90003 90006 Speech on Nature — 2 90007 90002 Warm Greetings to one and all! I heartily welcome everybody to our society meeting room. 90003 90002 As you all know that this meeting is weekly organized to discuss various issues concerning our society and to amend those issues keeping in mind the best interest of all members of our society. Having said this, as a secretary of our society group, it even becomes my greater responsibility to look after the betterment of our society.However, in recent times, I came across some incidents that have left me unsettled. I happened to come across such people, who have unfortunately no sensitivity towards the cause of protecting nature, despite my stressing the fact that how nature plays a crucial role in building a healthy environment and giving us a balanced and sustained life amidst growing pollution and declining peace of mind. 90003 90002 So here in front of you all, I wish to deliver a speech on nature so that we can inform ourselves of the most important things and make our place, i.e. not just our living surrounding, but the whole world a better place to live in. We all should understand that our environment is the fountainhead of life. It not only directs, but also determines the sustenance, development and growth of the living species and all their activities. The quality of our social lives bears direct relation to the quality of our living environment. 90003 90002 Even if Science and Technology has taken a great sway over our lives, we must not forget that as living species we still need to adapt to our immediate natural surroundings for our sustenance.Human civilization is rooted in the ecosystem and our actions directly impact this system. With the help of technological advancement, human beings have become endowed with the capacity to control his / her environment to a certain extent, but its unfair use results in an ecological crisis. Unwarranted technological intervention to control the forces of nature has invited its wrath in various forms, such as tsunami, floods, droughts, heat waves, wildfire, etc. 90003 90002 Besides natural calamities, the damage caused to environment is irreparable, such as reduction of underground water and heavy shortage of fresh drinking water, shrinking of wetlands and forests, wearing away of soil and coral reefs, disappearance of plants and loss of living organism, rapid extinction of different species of animals as well as failing of fisheries, the growing pollution of water and air, increase in temperature due to global warming, the contraction of ozone layer and poisoning of seas, rivers and underground resources.90003 90002 With this continuous depletion of natural resources, we are putting our own lives under great peril and the day is not very far when drinking water, fresh air, petroleum, natural gas and the top soil of earth will become exhaust for our future generation. So it’s high time that we keep a close watch on our environment and protect it from the possible dangers, especially exploitative human activities. 90003 90002 In the end, I just want to say that love the nature, value its presence and the things that it offers us in abundance.90003 90002 Thank You! 90003 90006 Speech on Nature — 3 90007 90002 Respected Principal, Respected Teachers and My Dear Friends, 90003 90002 Today, this special assembly is organized to celebrate one of the most important day called Nature’s Day. Today, we all are going to plant trees as many as we can in our surroundings. But before this, I would like to deliver a speech in respect of Mother Nature. We all know that our earth is the best place for living beings because of its opportune climate and other physical features.Our earth was formed around 4.54 billion years ago approximately and at that time it had gone through many explosions and destructions. From that time of formation to now, nature is providing a lot of things to every living being. It provides us food, shelter, air, water and many other things for our survival. 90003 90002 The nature of earth is a gift from god for the survival of living beings. Nature on earth has many features like different climatic conditions, mountains, plateaus, rivers, oceans, trees, plants, etc.We all are using them since our birth till today. Nature is shrinking and our needs are expanding day by day. The day will not be so far from now if we will not understand the signs of the nature. 90003 90002 Nature is the only reason for the survival of all the livings beings on earth. We all know that today, the condition of earth is not in a good state. We all are using nature’s components but are not interested in the needs of nature. Nature is getting ruined day by day for the fulfillment of our needs.There are many reasons for today’s bad condition of the nature such as — excess use of fuels, CFLs, population explosion, deforestation etc and many wrong things which most of the people do in their daily life such as keeping the lights on even when they are not in use, excess use and waste of water by keeping taps on etc. This is very unfortunate that many of us are still have a careless behavior against these problems. Whole earth is getting polluted because of our lifestyle and selfishness towards nature.We have used too much of the nature’s components that many of its components are extinct today. 90003 90002 Today, many places on earth are lacking of many nature’s components due to our carelessness and selfishness. There is a shortage of water for drinking and for the other purposes, lack of fresh air etc and the only reason behind this is our selfishness. If we will not change our selfish behaviour towards nature, then it will lead to the end of our earth. The only way to protect 90003.90000 Nature Speech | Speech on Nature for Students and Children in English 90001 90002 90003 Nature Speech: 90004 We rely on our environmental factors for our everyday exercises. Each living and non-living thing around us has a few advantages for everybody and fill for some particular needs. Every one of these things together makes ‘Nature.’ The physical and mundane world around us that is not made by a human is Nature. Nature incorporates woods, slope, waterways, seas, deserts, climate, and so forth.Nature is past humans existing much before the presence of a human. Nature gives us assets like water, air, food to satisfy our requirements and wants. 90005 90002 Students can also find more English Speech Writing about Welcome Speeches, Farewell Speeches, etc. 90005 90008 Long and Short Speeches on Nature for Students and Kids in English 90009 90002 We are providing a long Nature Speech having 500 words and a short Nature speech of 150 words along with ten lines about the same topic to help readers.90005 90002 These speeches will prove to be useful for school going students as well as college students. They can refer to this anytime to boost their marks. 90005 90014 Long Speech on Nature 500 Words in English 90015 90002 Long Speech on Nature is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10. 90005 90002 Good morning everyone, I thank the crowd for giving me the chance to introduce a short discourse on Nature. 90005 90002 Nature alludes to the natural world. The whole earth comprising of water assets, soils, air, mountains, creatures, plants, and people, establishes Nature.Earth is the main known planet that bolsters life and has Nature for effective endurance. Environment, atmosphere, and climate go under Nature and are basic for us. Nature has an environment comprising of biotic and abiotic segments. All the biotic and abiotic segments are integral and a piece of Nature. Indeed, even all the organisms and creepy crawlies are a significant piece of Nature. Life on the earth is conceivable simply because of the presence of Nature here. 90005 90002 Nature additionally alludes to the wonders that are not changed by human exercises or those that exist even with human intercession.Common Ecosystem comprises of living and non-living characteristic components of the earth that is mutually dependent on one another. Air is the layer of gases that encompasses the earth. The gases that structure the air incorporates nitrogen, oxygen, water fume, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and different gases. The ozone layer secures the common habitat by draining the bright (UV) beams that arrive at the earth. Seas are made of saltwater. They spread almost 71 percent of the natural earth’s surface.An enormous number of marine exist together inside the sea biological system. 90005 90002 Regular new water assets incorporate streams, lakes, and lakes. Lakes are bigger than lakes and are, for the most part, taken care of with waterways. Streams are characteristic wellsprings of freshwater. The greater part of the waterways begin from mountains and stream towards the sea. As per the regular climatic changes, the climate fluctuation is caused because the world’s hub is inclined. These changes are called seasons.The climate is cold throughout the winter season, and it is blistering throughout the late spring. 90005 90002 Individuals are a little piece of the natural world. People have been utilizing advances to make their life simpler. They misuse natural assets and cause deforestation, contamination, an unnatural weather change, environmental change, oil slicks, and ozone layer exhaustion. The unique marine biological system is under danger because of oil slicks and contamination. Ozone layer exhaustion is presenting the earth to the risky bright beams.The world’s normal temperature is ceaselessly rising, and the atmosphere is not following the regular examples. A large segment of woodlands has been cleared for making the space for horticulture. Each compound of Nature assumes a major job in a human’s presence. Be that as it may, as improvement is occurring, we are hurting our natural resources. For little benefit, we are surrendering a major piece of Nature. 90005 90002 In this way, I might want to wind up my speech with a solicitation that we should think about our condition.We should make an effort not to destroy it by decreasing the utilization of plastic, planting more trees, not squandering papers, supportable turn of events, and so forth. 90005 90002 Thank you for giving your valuable time. 90005 90032 90002 90005 90014 Short Speech on Nature 150 Words in English 90015 90002 Short Speech on Nature 150 Words is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. 90005 90002 Good morning everyone. 90005 90002 I am standing before you to talk about my topic, Nature.We human beings depend on Nature every time for everything like natural resources. Many people admire the beauty of Nature. Even they write many novels and poems on it because the beauty of Nature can not be expressed in one single thought or saying. Nature provides the humans, animals, and all the living beings on the earth a place to live. Nature is the world around, as I said before, only, but human beings are destroying it by using its resources in the wrong way and exploiting it. Nature is now totally getting destroyed because of pollution and global warming.90005 90002 Nature is a good place to be peacefully, but we humans destroy it for our livelihood for our living place and food and needs. Nature would be good only when human beings do not destroy it and take care of it very well. 90005 90002 Thanks for giving me your time. 90005 90014 10 Lines on Nature Speech in English 90015 90049 90050 The environmental factors we live in, the common assets or food we expend all, are portions of Nature. 90051 90050 Nature gives a practical situation and important assets for endurance like air, water, soil, and so on.90051 90050 Nature assists with thriving the biological system and biodiversity of our planet by giving all the essential assets. 90051 90050 Trees, plants, and backwoods are the essential pieces of Nature that give oxygen. 90051 90050 The trilling of flying creatures, the humming of bugs, and stirring of leaves are the hints of Nature that loosen up our brain and quiet our spirit. 90051 90050 Nature is the principle wellspring of food, be it dairy, grains, organic products, or nuts, all originate from Mother Nature.90051 90050 The garments we wear to cover our body and get spared from extreme climate conditions additionally originate from Nature. 90051 90050 Water is one of the necessities for all the known types of life, and Nature has given it in a colossal add up to us. 90051 90050 The childishness and covetousness of man have made Nature helpless against the expanding contamination. 90051 90050 The furious reaction of Nature in the previous hardly any years has caused us to understand that if we do not stop the decimation of Nature, it will bring up human endurance.90051 90070 90014 90015 90014 FAQ’s on Nature Speech 90015 90002 90003 Question 1. 90004 90078 What is Nature in straightforward words? 90005 90002 90003 Answer: 90004 90078 The words Nature and characteristic are utilized for all the things that are ordinarily not made by people. Things like climate, life forms, landforms, heavenly bodies, and considerably more are parts of Nature. Researchers study how the pieces of nature work. People frequently observe Nature as natural assets. 90005 90002 90003 Question 2.90004 90078 What is nature lover called? 90005 90002 90003 Answer: 90004 90078 A single word for «nature lover» is «Thoreauvian,» gotten from American savant and naturalist Henry David Thoreau. 90005 90002 90003 Question 3. 90004 90078 How might you depict Nature in photography? 90005 90002 90003 Answer: 90004 90078 Nature photography is a wide scope of photography taken outside and gave to showing common components, for example, scenes, untamed life, plants, and close-ups of characteristic scenes and surfaces.90005 90002 90003 Question 4. 90004 90078 What are the benefits of Nature? 90005 90002 90003 Answer: 90004 90078 Stress decrease is one of the most notable advantages of being in Nature. Getting outside, or in any event, seeing scenes of Nature lessens outrage, dread, and stress and increments lovely sentiments. Subsequently, it might likewise help diminish circulatory strain, pulse, muscle pressure, and the creation of stress hormones. 90005.90000 Unifying The Animate And The Inanimate Designs Of Nature 90001 90002 A leaping Arctic Grayling shows a form honed by efficiency. (US Fish and Wildlife Service) 90003 Adrian Bejan is an engineer at Duke University. Credit: Duke University Photography 90004 (PhysOrg.com) — Living beings and inanimate phenomena may have more in common than previously thought.90005 90004 At least that is the view of Duke University engineer Adrian Bejan and Penn State biologist James Marden. 90005 90004 What they believe connects the two worlds is a theory that flow systems — from animal locomotion to the formation of river deltas — evolve in time to balance and minimize imperfections.Flows evolve to reduce friction or other forms of resistance, so that they flow more easily with time. This view has been termed the constructal law, which Bejan first stated 13 years ago. 90005 90004 With the help of Marden, Bejan believes that he has now unified both the biological and geophysical principles of nature’s design through the constructal law, which can also be viewed as the physics of evolution. 90005 90004 «This is an exciting development for physicists, but it should also resonate with biologists,» Bejan said.»The idea that organic evolution is analogous to the way form evolves in inanimate flow systems is a novel concept that has the potential to unite perspectives and approaches across disparate disciplines. We suggest that the constructal law provides a powerful tool for examining and understanding variation in both the animate and inanimate compartments of nature. » 90005 90004 The team’s findings were published online in the journal 90015 Physics of Life Reviews 90016. It was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation. 90005 90004 The story began with the two scientists trying to determine if the same laws applied to two very different forms of locomotion — the swimming of fish and the running or flying of animals. The commonly held belief among biologists was that fish locomotion was different than other animal locomotion. Since they live in water, the conventional wisdom held, fish were different because they would not be subject to gravity.90005 90004 The way Bejan saw it, birds and animals could be seen as weight-lifters, since their means of locomotion required effort with an unyielding base — the ground — and a limitless top — the air. He argued that as fish swim, they too have an unyielding floor — the sea bed. Hence, water flowed over and around them like the air over runners and flyers. 90005 90004 So, fish too were weight-lifters, and these forms of locomotion are predicted by the constructal law, Bejan said. 90005 90004 «Our discovery that animal locomotion adheres to the constructal law tells us that — even though you could not predict exactly what animals would look like if you started evolution over on Earth, or it happened on another planet — with a given gravity and density of their tissues, the same basic patterns of their design would evolve again, «Marden said.90005 90004 In numerous papers over past decade, Bejan has demonstrated that the constructal law predicts the design of a wide range of flow systems seen in nature, from biology and geophysics to social dynamics and technology evolution. 90005 90004 «When thinking of evolution and Darwin, most people think of animals or trees,» Bejan said. «That’s too bad, because design features are everywhere in nature. The constructal law can be seen as a universal principle of evolution, which applies in many fields, from physics to economics.»90005 90004 He describes the law as an animated movie, where one screen is replaced by another screen on which the currents flow with greater ease. He sees the constructal law (www.constructal.org) as the time direction of the movie, flow configurations (designs, drawings) that flow more easily. «90005 90004 «The constructal law can be seen to cover ‘natural design’ phenomena across the board,» Bejan said, «as a compact summary of common observations, the tape of evolution running in one direction, which may be expressed in physics terms simply as : time and configuration.»90005 90004 Source: Duke University (news: web) 90005 90036 Unified physics theory explains animals ‘running, flying and swimming 90036 90004 90039 Citation 90040: Unifying The Animate And The Inanimate Designs Of Nature (2009, April 28) retrieved 12 July 2020 from https: // phys.org / news / 2009-04-animate-inanimate-nature.html 90005 90004 This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. 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