Учебно-методический материал по истории на тему: Синквейн и его использование на уроках истории

Синквейн и его использование на уроках истории

Французы придумали стихотворение, которое назвали «синквейн». Го-ворят, что в вольном переводе это означает «пять вдохновений», или «пять удач».

Синкве́йн (от фр. cinquains, англ. cinquain) — пятистрочная  стихо-творная  форма, возникшая в США в начале XX века под влиянием  японской поэзии. В дальнейшем стала использоваться (С 1997 года, и в России) в дидактических целях, как эффективный метод развития образной речи, который позволяет быстро получить результат.

Дидактический синквейн

Дидактический синквейн развился в практике американской школы. В этом жанре текст основывается не на слоговой зависимости, а на содержательной и синтаксической заданности каждой строки.

• Первая строка — тема синквейна, заключает в себе одно слово (обычно существительное или местоимение), которое обозначает объект или предмет, о котором пойдет речь.
• Вторая строка — два слова (чаще всего прилагательные или причастия), они дают описание признаков и свойств выбранного в синквейне предмета или объекта.
• Третья строка — образована тремя глаголами или деепричастиями, описывающими характерные действия объекта.
• Четвертая строка — фраза из четырёх слов, выражающая личное отношение автора синквейна к описываемому предмету или объекту.
• Пятая строка — одно слово-резюме, характеризующее суть предмета или объекта.

Чёткое соблюдение правил написания синквейна не обязательно. Например, для улучшения текста в четвёртой строке можно использовать три или пять слов, а в пятой строке — два слова. Возможны варианты исполь-зования и других частей речи. Например,  определение или дополнение.

Примеры синквейнов по истории

История.
Гуманитарная, интересная.
Исследует, узнает, изучает.
Наука, занимающаяся изучением прошлого.
Люди.

Монголо — татары

сильные, коварные

нападают, сражаются, проигрывают

битва на реке Угре

победа русских

 Китай

Восточный, могущественный

Строит, объединяет, собирает

Великая Китайская стена

Конфуций.

Поле Куликово

На поле Куликовом.
Степном, широком.
Была, прошла, кипела.
Битва с войском Мамая.
Победа.

Столетняя война.
Долгая, кровопролитная.
Началась, длилась, закончилась.
Военные конфликты между Англией и Францией.
Поражение.

Русско — японская война

внезапная, кровопролитная

убивает, разделяет, пугает

предпосылка назревания внутриполитического кризиса

поражение

Империя

российская, многонациональная

развивается, содержит, поддерживает

закончилось территориальное оформление страны

государство

Примерный вариант	Тренировочный вариант
Владимир храбрый, дальновидный завоевывал, укреплял, крестил укрепление государства Красное солнышко	Князь мудрый, … укреплял, …, развивал … …

90000 Cinquain Examples 90001 90002 A cinquain is a five-line poem that was invented by Adelaide Crapsey. She was an American poet who took her inspiration from Japanese haiku and tanka. A collection of poems, titled 90003 Verse 90004, was published in 1915 and included 28 cinquains. 90005 90002 Cinquains are particularly vivid in their imagery and are meant to convey a certain mood or emotion. 90005 90008 A Classic Cinquain Example 90009 90002 Because Adelaide Crapsey created the cinquain as a poetic form, the best example of a cinquain is a poem that she wrote titled «Snow» (source: http: // www.cinquain.org) 90005 90002 Look up … 90005 90002 From bleakening hills 90005 90002 Blows down the light, first breath 90005 90002 Of wintry wind … look up, and scent 90005 90002 The snow! 90005 90008 American Cinquain Form 90009 90002 Originally, Crapsey created the form for the American cinquain with five lines. 90005 90026 Stresses Per Line 90027 90028 90029 90002 The first line has one stress, which was usually iambic meter with the first syllable unstressed and the second stressed. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line two has two stresses.90005 90032 90029 90002 Line three has three stresses. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line four has four stresses. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line five has one stress. 90005 90032 90049 90026 Syllables Per Line 90027 90002 Following the invention of this form, Crapsey made changes to the form and included a certain number of syllables per line. 90005 90028 90029 90002 Line one had two syllables. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line two had four syllables. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line three had six syllables.90005 90032 90029 90002 Line four had eight syllables. 90005 90032 90029 90002 Line five had two syllables. 90005 90032 90049 90002 Even though iambic feet were typically used in these cinquains, it was not a requirement of the structure. 90005 90008 Popular Cinquain Forms 90009 90002 There have been many variations of the cinquain since its invention. To fully understand Cinquains, here are descriptions of two of the more popular forms along with examples. 90005 90026 Cinquain Form # 1 — Didactic Cinquain 90027 90002 This is a very popular form of the cinquain because of its simplicity.Instead of incorporating stress and syllables, it uses words. 90005 90028 90029 90002 The first line is one word which is the title of the poem. 90005 90032 90029 90002 The second line contains two words which are adjectives that describe the title. 90005 90032 90029 90002 The third line has three words that tell the reader more about the subject of the poem or shows action. Many times these words are gerunds that end with «ing.» 90005 90032 90029 90002 The fourth line has four words that show emotions about the subject of the poem and may be individual words or a phrase.90005 90032 90029 90002 The fifth line is one word that is a synonym of the title or is very similar to it. 90005 90032 90049 90002 Here are some examples of this form of cinquain: 90005 90110 Watermelon 90111 90002 Watermelon 90005 90002 Juicy, sweet 90005 90002 Dripping, slurping, smacking 90005 90002 So messy to eat 90005 90002 Yummy 90005 90110 Snow 90111 90002 Snow 90005 90002 Lovely , white 90005 90002 Falling, dancing, drifting 90005 90002 Covering everything it touches 90005 90002 Blanket 90005 90110 Castle 90111 90002 Castle 90005 90002 Strong, beautiful 90005 90002 Imposing, protecting, watching 90005 90002 Symbolizes wealth and power 90005 90002 Fortress 90005 90026 Cinquain Form # 2 90027 90002 This form is just slightly different from the first form in that the fourth line is a complete sentence and may have more than four words.90005 90028 90029 90002 The first line is one word. 90005 90032 90029 90002 The second line contains two adjectives. 90005 90032 90029 90002 The third line has three words ending in «ing.» 90005 90032 90029 90002 The fourth line has four or more words that make a complete sentence. 90005 90032 90029 90002 The fifth line is one word. 90005 90032 90049 90002 Here are a few examples of this form of cinquain: 90005 90110 Acrobats 90111 90002 Acrobats 90005 90002 Flexible, amusing 90005 90002 Flipping, twirling, jumping 90005 90002 They make me laugh 90005 90002 Performers 90005 90110 Star 90111 90002 Star 90005 90002 Hot, radiant 90005 90002 Shining, burning, exploding 90005 90002 It gives life to everything 90005 90002 Sun 90005 90110 Penguins 90111 90002 Penguins 90005 90002 White, black 90005 90002 Waddling, swimming, eating 90005 90002 They are playing in the water 90005 90002 Emperors 90005 90008 Write Your Own 90009 90002 Now that you have read some examples of cinquain, you see how easy it is to write your own.90005 Cinquain Examples.90000 Cinquain — Definition and Examples 90001 90002 Cinquain Definition 90003 90004 What is a cinquain? Here’s a quick and simple definition: 90005 90006 90004 The word cinquain can refer to two different things. Historically, it referred to 90008 any 90009 stanza of five lines written in any type of verse. More recently, cinquain has come to refer to particular types of five-line poems that have precisely defined features, such as their meter or the number of syllables they contain in each line.The most common of these specific types of cinquains is the American cinquain. 90005 90011 90004 Some additional key details about cinquains: 90005 90014 90015 Another name for a five-line stanza is a quintet, and five-line poems can also be called quintains. 90016 90015 The American cinquain was created by the American poet Adelaide Crapsey in the early 20th century. 90016 90015 A variant of the American cinquain, called the didactic cinquain, is often taught to children in school.90016 90021 90022 Cinquain Pronunciation 90023 90004 Here’s how to pronounce cinquain: sin- 90025 kane 90026 90005 90022 Cinquains as Five-Line Stanzas in Formal Verse 90023 90004 Five-line stanzas are particularly common in formal verse-verse that has both a strict meter and rhyme scheme. They appear in many different languages, and are used for different purposes. Examples can be found dating back to medieval French poetry. Here are some key details about cinquain’s most common appearances in formal verse: 90005 90014 90015 The five-line stanza was particularly popular in English formal verse in the 16th and 17th centuries, when iambic pentameter (a metrical form consisting of five iambs per line) was the most commonly-used meter.Consequently, many of the most well-known examples of cinquains are written in iambic pentameter, though poets also used other meters in cinquains. 90016 90015 Limericks are a common form of humorous poetry that typically consists of a single, rhyming cinquain written in iambic meter. 90016 90015 Cinquains tend to follow fairly straightforward rhyme schemes such as ABAAB, ABABB, or AABBA. 90016 90015 The number of cinquains in a given poem can vary. An entire poem can be a single cinquain, or a poem might have many cinquain stanzas.90016 90021 90022 American Cinquains 90023 90004 In the early twentieth century the American poet Adelaide Crapsey, inspired by the five-line Japanese poetic form of 90008 tanka 90009, began to write five-line poems that followed a distinct form. This poetic form soon came to be known as an American cinquain (though it’s also sometimes referred to as a Crapseian cinquain, after its creator). 90005 90004 The American cinquain is an unrhymed, five-line poetic form defined by the number of syllables in each line-the first line has two syllables, the second has four, the third six, the fourth eight, and the fifth two (2 -4-6-8-2).They are typically written using iambs. Adelaide Crapsey’s «November Night» is a good example: 90005 90006 90004 Listen … 90052 With faint dry sound, 90052 Like steps of passing ghosts, 90052 The leaves, frost-crisp’d, break from the trees 90052 And fall. 90005 90011 90004 Some scholars define the line length of American cinquains by counting iambs or stressed syllables, rather than by counting total syllables. By this sort of counting, the proper line length of an American cinquain would be 1-2-3-4-1, since it would contain one iamb in the first line, two in the second line, and so on.The right way to count the line length is ultimately a matter of interpretation, though, since Crapsey never specified the rules of the form she invented. 90005 90060 Variations on American Cinquains 90061 90004 American cinquains have inspired a number of variations, which are most often written by amateur poets. 90005 90014 90015 90025 Reverse cinquain: 90026 An American cinquain in reverse order, so the syllables in its lines follow the pattern of 2-8-6-4-2. 90016 90015 90025 Mirror cinquain: 90026 An American cinquain followed by a reverse cinquain.90016 90015 90025 Butterfly cinquain: 90026 An American cinquain is merged with a reverse cinquain, such that the final two syllable line of the American cinquain is the first line of the reverse cinquain. The result is a nine line poem with the syllable-per-line pattern of 2-4-6-8-2-8-6-4-2. 90016 90015 90025 Crown cinquain: 90026 Five American cinquains written to form a single five-stanza poem. 90016 90015 90025 Garland cinquain: 90026 Six American cinquains, in which the lines of the final stanza are taken from the first five, with line one of the final stanza using line one of the first stanza, line two of the final stanza using line two of the second stanza, etc.90016 90021 90060 Didactic Cinquains 90061 90004 The didactic cinquain is a simplification of the American cinquain. This variation is used primarily in classrooms for teaching poetry to children. Didactic cinquains dictate both the number of words per line and the types of words used in each line. 90005 90014 90015 90025 Line length: 90026 The number of words in each line and follows the pattern 1-2-3-4-1 (so that the first line has one word, the second has two, and so on).90016 90015 90025 Types of words used on each line: 90026 The first line is a noun, the second line is composed of adjectives that describe the noun in the first line, the third line has an action, the fourth line contains a longer description, and the fifth line is a noun that relates to the noun in the first line. 90016 90021 90004 Here’s an example: 90005 90004 Ocean 90052 Blue, powerful 90052 Waves crashing ashore 90052 Teeming with sea creatures 90052 Life 90005 90002 Cinquain Examples 90003 90004 The following examples cover both the general and specific definitions of cinquain.The general definition refers to any five-line stanza, while the specific definition primarily refers to a particular type of five-line poem called the American cinquain. 90005 90022 Examples of Cinquains as Any Five-Line Stanza 90023 90004 The examples below show the vast variety of poems written using five-line stanzas. 90005 90060 Donne’s «Hymn to God, My God, In My Sickness» 90061 90004 This example of a cinquain written in formal verse is from a poem by the 17th century poet John Donne.In this poem, Donne uses iambic pentameter and an ABABB rhyme scheme. 90005 90006 90004 We think that Paradise and Calvary, 90052 Christ’s cross and Adam’s tree, stood in one place; 90052 Look, Lord, and find both Adams met in me; 90052 As the first Adam’s sweat surrounds my face, 90052 May the last Adam’s blood my soul embrace. 90005 90011 90060 Lear’s «There was an Old Man in a boat» 90061 90004 The poet Edward Lear is famous for his limericks-short, humorous poems consisting of five lines that usually describe an eccentric figure experiencing misfortune.This limerick is a well-known classic that follows the formula. 90005 90006 90004 There was an Old Man in a boat, 90052 Who said, ‘I’m afloat, I’m afloat!’ 90052 When they said, ‘No! you is not! ‘ 90052 He was ready to faint, 90052 That unhappy Old Man in a boat. 90005 90011 90060 Poe’s «To Helen» 90061 90004 This is the first stanza of a poem by Edgar Alan Poe that is written in cinquains and follows the rhyme scheme ABABB. The first four lines of this stanza are in iambic tetrameter, (four iambs per line) while the fifth is iambic trimeter (three iambs per line).90005 90006 90004 Helen, thy beauty is to me 90052 Like those Nicean barks of yore, 90052 That gently, o’er a perfumed sea, 90052 The weary, way-worn wanderer bore 90052 To his own native shore. 90005 90011 90060 A 90008 Tanka 90009 by Hiroko Seki’s 90061 90004 Here is an example of the traditional Japanese five-line poem known as 90008 tanka 90009, a form which inspired Adelaide Crapsley to create the American cinquain. Each of the lines of a 90008 tanka 90009 has a prescribed number of syllables following the typical pattern of 5-7-5-7-7 (so that the first line has five syllables, the second has seven, and so forth).This particular tanka was written by the Japanese poet Hiroko Seki: 90005 90006 90004 In castle ruins 90052 the tappings of a hand-drum 90052 so clearly echo, 90052 that in Komachi’s dancing 90052 even the moon seemed to smile. 90005 90011 90022 American Cinquains 90023 90060 Crapsey’s «Triad» 90061 90004 Adelaide Crapsey invented the American cinquain, which in modern times is often referred to simply as a cinquain. It is a non-rhyming, five-line poem with two syllables in the first line, four in the second, six in the third, eight in the fourth, and two in the fifth.Her poem «Triad» adheres to this form. The meter is iambic-each line is organized by two-syllable groupings, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one (be- 90025 fore 90026). 90005 90006 90004 These be 90052 Three silent things: 90052 The falling snow. . the hour 90052 Before the dawn. . the mouth of one 90052 Just dead. 90005 90011 90022 A Didactic Cinquain 90023 90004 This is an example of a didactic cinquain, a variation on the American cinquain in which line length is determined by the number of words in each line, instead of the number of syllables.The Didactic cinquain follows the pattern 1-2-3-4-1 (so that the first line has one word, the second has two, and so forth). 90005 90006 90004 Rain 90052 Light, soft 90052 Hanging, drifting, suspended 90052 Making the world ghostly 90052 Mist 90005 90011 90004 This example follows the standard formula for this form, in which the first and last lines are related nouns, the second line is made up of adjectives describing the noun in the first line, the third line has an action, and the fourth line contains a longer description.90005 90002 Why Do Writers Choose to Write Cinquains? 90003 90004 Adelaide Crapsey invented the American cinquain because she was inspired by traditional forms of Japanese poetry (such as the 90008 tanka 90009) and she wanted to work within the restrictions that their strict metrical conventions imposed on poetic expression. The result is a form of poetry that is short, meditative, imagistic, and above all 90008 delicate- 90009 a quality regarded as beautiful in and of itself. 90005 90004 The limerick, by contrast, could hardly be more different than the tanka or American cinquain, exemplifying how varied the uses of the cinquain can be.Limericks lack all the eloquence and gravity of American cinquains. Instead, limericks are intended to be recited as jokes, and their less-strict meter enables writers to use the form to weave short narratives. 90005 90004 Ultimately, the vast differences between different sorts of five-line poems shows that the style of a poem is influenced more by the meter than by than the number of lines. 90005 90002 Other Helpful Cinquain Resources 90003.90000 90001 Archaeology Answers About Ancient Civilizations Indus River Valley, Ancient Maps of the World, Ancient India Civilizations, Ancient China Civilization, Strange Pictures, Dead Men’s Secrets, Lost Technology, and more … 90002 90003 90004 90005 90006 90007 Jonathan Gray … 90008 World Education Research Ltd 90008 517 Pollen Street 90008 Thames 90008 New Zealand 90008 Tel. +7 8690405 90008 [email protected] 90008 7.36. A.M. 90015 90007 Dear Internet Friend, 90015 90018 90006 Jonathan Gray 90020 90008 90022 90018 90024 — International explorer, archaeologist and author, Jonathan has traveled the world to gather data on ancient mysteries. He has penetrated some largely unexplored areas, including parts of the Amazon headwaters. The author has also led expeditions to the bottom of the sea and to remote mountain and desert regions of the world. He lectures internationally.90018 90026 90027 90007 90020 WARNING! 90022 This may be the most important letter you’ll ever read. 90015 90007 In a moment I hope to make you so angry you’ll want to throw your computer right out the window. 90015 90007 What I have to tell you involves the 90020 scandal 90022 that’s going on in the scientific world today. It’s a 90020 scandal 90022 that — if you are like most people I know — is cheating you of your ancestry and 90020 robbing you 90022 90020 90022 of many serious benefits you should be getting from existing scientific knowledge.90015 90007 You have probably been 90020 cheated — with misinformation 90022 — many times this year without you ever knowing! 90015 90007 Artifacts 90020 deliberately dumped 90022 in the Atlantic Ocean … certain discovery sites 90020 banned 90022 to researchers who ask embarrassing questions … an archaeologist 90020 ordered to deny 90022 a major discovery … 90015 90007 In just a moment you will discover 90020 secrets from our past 90022 that will blow your mind 90015 90007 You’re going to see the world around you in a new light that 90020 uninformed people everywhere are constantly missing.90022 And some puzzles about the past will start making sense: 90015 90064 90005 90024 90007 90020 90020 90070 90008 Catch the JOY of Discovery !!! 90072 90008 Get FREE weekly emails 90008 on lost wonders found, and forbidden secrets exposed 90008 Amazing «believe it or not» facts about our past. 90008 Come behind the locked doors and discover what is being hidden, denied and banned by an established elite! (With amazing discoveries of 90008 90022 90022 90020 90020 lost civilizations, unexplained anomalies and_forgotten technology) 90022 90022 90015 90008 90007 This is a private mailing list and will never 90008 be sold or given away for any reason 90008 90070 You can also un-subscribe if you ever want to 90072 90015 90018 90026 90027 90007 90007 How did I get involved in all this? 90015 90015 90099 90020 90022 90020 How does a dead-broke dummy 90008 90022 90070 shake up 90072 90020 the scientific world? 90022 90020 90022 90015 90007 90020 Well, quickly, 90022 90020 heres my story 90022 90020… 90022 90020 90022 90015 90007 90020 Archaeology fever first seized me 90022 at the age of ten. I was intrigued by British explorer Percy Fawcett’s amazing trek into the 90020 Amazon jungle 90022. 90015 90128 90129 90005 90006 90007 After reporting his discovery of a 90020 dead, ancient, vine-choked city 90022, he went back in … and 90020 vanished 90022! 90015 90138 You know what? My first expedition was into that same unexplored region where pygmies 90020 shrank human heads 90022 to the size of your fist! 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90099 This search for ancient mysteries was to take me through more than 30 countries.90015 90007 Soon 90020 90022 I began to stumble upon something that truly shocked me! … you would call them 90020 out of place 90022 artifacts. 90020 Did I say shocked? They blew me over! 90022 Because, according to what we were taught in school, these 90020 should never exist 90022! And they werent just in one place. There was a 90020 global pattern 90022 to them. 90015 90007 This pattern showed a 90020 lost super science and technology 90022.Thats when I knew 90020 someone had to speak up 90022. I knew this content was of 90020 tremendous value 90022. 90015 90007 90007 For example: 90015 90015 90174 90175 90129 90005 90024 90018 90024 a 90138 Did you know that the Egyptians bored into granite rock with drills that turned 90020 500 times faster than modern power drills 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And how about this ?: 90008 90020 * Coin-slot machines 90008 * Steam engines 90008 * Speedometers 90008 * Machine-cut optical lenses 90008 * Screen projectors 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Did you know that 90020 Egyptian dentists 90022 worked with cement fillings, dental bridges… and inserted artificial teeth? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 That William Deiches found working diagrams in Tutankhamen’s tomb (1545 BC) which helped him to build real model 90020 plane that flew? 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 That 90020 Egyptian doctors 90022 performed pregnancy tests, determined the sex of an unborn child, fed nourishment through tubes, and fitted artificial legs and hands? That they used anaesthetic and sophisticated instruments to perform bone and 90020 brain surgery 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 What about old Egypts 90020 mysterious moving walls 90022, 90020 automatically flashing lights 90022 and 90020 lamps that shone century after century, non-stop 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And how were 90020 sound waves used to open doors 90022 in ancient Karnak, Abydon and Thebes? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90018 90026 90005 90024 90007 90015 90007 90015 90018 90024 90138 And here’s a puzzle for you to enjoy 90015 90099 90275 What If You Opened A Coffin 90276 90015 90099 90275 After 2,100 Years… 90276 90015 90099 90275 And 90276 90275 SOMETHING 90276 90275 Inside Was ALIVE! 90276 90015 90007 May 1985. 90020 Archaeologists 90022 had just cracked open a Han Dynasty tomb in the Feng-huang Mountains. They excavated further. .. unaware that something peculiar was happening behind them. And then the shock. 90008 90015 90007 What sent these scientists into a tizzy? Would you like to know? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Did you know that about 1000 BC 90020 nerve gas 90022 was used in warfare? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 That 2,500 years ago «mirrors» were invented which, set up in pairs, could transmit messages, like 90020 television 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90007 90015 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90024 90138 90020 90070 THE BIGGEST PYRAMID: 90072 90022 One hundred pyramids have been discovered in Shensi Province of China.The largest according to one claim 1,200 feet high, 2 times the height of Egypts Great Pyramid could, if hollow, swallow 26 Empire State buildings! 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Did you know that 90020 X-rays 90022 were used in ancient China? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And 90020 heart transplant 90022 operations were carried out! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 And what about the 716 90020 rhythmically pulsating electric disks 90022 (similar to computer disks) found in caves in the Bayan-Kara-Ula mountains? 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90381 90129 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Have you heard how Captain Don Henry discovered a 400 foot 90020 pyramid on the seabed 90022 off Florida? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Did you know that a 90020 Chinese expedition surveyed all of North America 90022 in 2200 BC.They saw a sunrise over the Grand Canyon, black opals and gold nuggests in Nevada, and seals frolicking in San Francisco Bay! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And would you believe the ancient 90020 Maya 90022 used screw propellors, had books with gold leaves … and even diving suits? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Have you heard about the Mayan surgical instruments that were 90020 a thousand times sharper than modern platinum-plus blades 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And Mayan 90020 dental 90022 crowns and fillings still hold after 1,500 years! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 How does a bird in the Andes turn 90020 hard rock to be soft 90022 like putty? Did the ancients know this formula? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 And did you know that the Inca soaked in 90020 bathtubs of gold and silver 90022, fed by water pipes of silver and gold? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 That in the city of Pachacamac in Peru the temple stones were fastened with 90020 gold nails that weighed a ton 90022! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 That in 1963 Peruvian surgeon Francisco Grano 90020 saved a patients life 90022, using surgical instruments 90020 from a 3,000 year old tomb 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90381 90129 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And how about this ?: On a plain in Peru can be found 90020 4-dimensional art 90022 with several 90020 faces that disappear or change 90022 into other figures, according to your position or that of the sun.90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And this? From a dead, vine-choked jungle city, have been brought out exquisitely stamped 90020 30 foot long rolls of 90022 90020 sheet metal wall paper 90022 jointed together with tiny rivets! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Then there is the mystery of that 90020 vast artificial tunnel 90022 in a remote corner of Ecuador, which was explored by astronaut Neil Armstrong.90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And did you know that an Amazon tribe, since the 1970s, has escaped the encroaching world by retreating to an abandoned 90020 underground city 90022! 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90174 90138 90020 THE MEDITERRANEAN 90022 90020 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Have you heard of ancient Greeces chemical warfare weapon 90020 fire that burned in water 90022 which was self-igniting? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 Did you know about their devices for the 90020 automatic opening and closing of doors! 90022 90020 90022 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 Their 90020 sewage 90022 system from every house, as good as any today? 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 And how about the 90020 computer 90022 that calculated the positions of the planets, the rising and setting of the moon, tide movements and time of day and could establish a ships position anywhere on earth out of sight of land, or at night.Precise mechanics, as good as any we can produce today. 55 BC 90015 90007 (As Cambridge university scientist Derek de Solla Price said, 90070 This is like 90072 90070 90072 90070 finding a jet plane in the tomb of Tutankhamen.) 90072 90070 90072 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90586 90129 90005 90024 90018 90024 And what do you think about these ?: 90008 90020 — 90022 90020 Drills that bored holes finer than the thinnest needle 90022 90020 90008 — Taxis with speedometers 90008 — Shatter proof sheet glass 90008 — 90022 90020 A machine tool for cutting screws 90022 90020 90022 90008 90020 — A machine for boring tunnels 90008 — P 90022 90020 etrol vapor machines 90008 — 90022 90020 A human-like robot that could walk 90022 and almost ran away! 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 And 90020 luxury ocean liners 90022 with swimming pools 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90630 90174 90138 90020 RUSSIA 90022 90020 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Have you heard of the 90020 15 minute movie of luminous pictures 90022 that activates each day as the sun sets over the Onega River in Russia? 90008 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90006 90138 90007 90020 90070 MICRO TECHNOLOGY: 90072 90022 40 feet underground in Russias Ural region, gold prospectors are finding ANCIENT, man-made, spiral-shaped artifacts.These microscopically TINY artifacts are the product of some inexplicable and highly advanced technology. They resemble control elements used in 90020 micro-miniature devices 90022 in our latest technology nano-machines. 90015 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90174 90138 90020 BABYLON, FERTILE CRESCENT 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 And what about these ?: 90008 — 90020 Protective face masks for patients undergoing radiation therapy 90022 90020 90022 90008 — 90020 Eye cataract operations 90022 90020 90022 90008 — 90020 Electric dry-cell batteries 90022 90020 90022 90008 — 90020 Use of sound waves to lift heavy weights 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90024 90007 90020 90070 MASSIVE WEIGHTS LIFTED: 90072 90022 90020 90022 90007 Ancient 90020 2,000 ton 90022 stone building blocks in Lebanon were raised 20 feet above the ground.No modern crane can budge, lift or transport, such titanic blocks. 90015 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90174 90007 90020 AUSTRALIA 90022 90020 90022 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90586 90129 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 A wrecked 90020 Phoenician ship 90022 has been found on the West Australian coast. And other Phoenician evidence is found around the country.Near Sarina, Queensland, Val Osborne has discovered remains of a 90020 Phoenician port and mine 90022 from 900 BC. 90015 90007 Traditional theory says this cant be! So with all the publicity, the Central Queensland University reportedly sent an archaeologist to the site, instructing him to 90020 find nothing 90022. Osborne commented, Its like that 90020 when they dont want the truth to be known, they will deny it. 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Numerous traces of 90020 Egyptian colonisation in Australia 90022 have also been unearthed or discovered, such as coins, statues, inscriptions and a tomb, as well as Egyptian customs, religious features and words among the Aborigines.Oh yes, and pyramids. 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90174 90138 90020 INDIA, PAKISTAN 90022 90020 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90007 90015 90007 90015 90007 90015 90007 90015 90007 90015 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90024 90138 How about this? Advanced mathematics, with 90020 measurements in micro-fractions 90022 down to the disintegration rates of sub-atomic particles (1/300 millionth of a second).I ask you, how could these have been measured without precision instruments? And why did they find it necessary to measure them? 90015 90138 Why were 44 skeletons dug up in Pakistan found to be 90020 radioactive 90022? 2000 BC 90008 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 90007 90020 90070 MAN TURNED TO GLASS: 90072 90022 90008 In a forest of NE India, explorer-hunter H.J. Hamilton received a substantial shock when he entered ancient ruins.On a chair, made of the same 90020 crystal 90022 as the walls, an odd shape was crouching, with vaguely human features. 90008 At first he thought it to be a statue damaged by time. But then he was filled with horror: under the glass which covered that statue a 90020 skeleton 90022 could clearly be seen! Melted, crystallized! 90015 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 Anything else? Plenty: 90008 — 90020 Upstairs bedrooms having en suite bathrooms with hot and cold running water on tap, and 90022 90020 flush toilets 90022 90020.90022 90020 90022 90008 — 90020 Aluminium cups, thimbles, and so on 90008 — 90022 90020 Plastic surgery, including nose transplants 90022 90020 90022 90008 — 90020 Fluoroscopy (X-ray devices) 90022 90008 — 90020 Chemical and biological warfare, and nerve gas 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 Discover the two 70 foot towers in Ahmedabad, that 90020 sway to and fro in rhythm 90022 with each other. 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90174 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 Were you aware that in at least 64 scientific achievements an ancient civilization 90020 surpassed us 90022? 90018 90026 90005 90024 90007 90015 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90024 90020 90070 90275 14 Maps Of An Ancient World 90008 That Vanished So Completely 90008 We Thought It Never Existed! 90276 90072 90022 90007 90020 90070 ANCIENT WORLD SURVEY ?: 90008 90072 90022 Although Antarcticas existence was not verified until 1819, an 90020 ancient map 90022 shows that continent as it was BEFORE the ice covered it with rivers and fjords precisely where today mile-thick glaciers flow, and a mountain range undiscovered until 1952.90015 90007 Longitude and latitude are shown correctly, with a grid system similar to modern air navigation maps. 2000 BC 90015 90018 90024 90099 90020 90008 ANCIENT MAP 90022 90015 90099 90008 90020 MODERN MAP 90022 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 90007 90020 90022 Did you know about the 90020 90020 mystery satellite 90022 90022 orbiting the poles, but not put there by any modern nation? 90015 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 That man knew the secret of 90020 flight 90022 before the 20 90979 th 90980 century? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90007 That early 90020 cave men wore modern clothes 90022 like ours? 90020 90022 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 90007 90020 90022 And what about the 90020 cities illuminated 90022 by means of electricity unknown to us today? 90015 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90018 90024 90138 Do you know what 90020 4,000 year old 90022 aerial surveillance techniques were used in the 90020 Iraq war 90022? 90015 90018 90026 90005 90024 90007 90015 90018 90024 90331 90129 90005 90024 90007 90007 90275 And Did 90276 90275 This Ancient Civilization 90008 Visit The Moon Before Us? 90276 90015 90015 90007 Did you hear about the 90020 shock discovery on the moon 90022 that was hushed up after the first live broadcast? Do you know what was seen from the orbiting spacecraft, something so shattering that eleven minutes of the original broadcast was cut out? 90015 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90018 90026 90146 90027 90007…and so on. 90015 90007 Are you beginning to see how exciting this is? 90015 91059 90129 90005 91062 90099 For visiting this page, I’m giving you 90020 FREE 90022 the explorer’s 90008 special booklet, 90020 90070 «10 Amazing Secrets From Lost Cities» 90072 90022, 90015 90007 if you will 90020 tell a friend 90022. You see, 90020 we need your help 90022 to 90008 publicise this site. 90015 90099 To receive this FREE GIFT, 90020 90008 please click on the button below 90008 and e-mail a friend about this website.THANKYOU! 90022 90015 90018 90026 90146 90027 90007 90015 91059 90129 90005 91094 90007 90020 90070 2 — 90072 You’ll Get Some Answers You’re Not Supposed To Know 90022 90015 90275 90276 90018 90006 90008 90018 90026 90146 90027 90007 90015 90007 90020 What is it … that YOU must not see? 90022 90015 90007 Is there something wrong with the way our past is taught to us? 90020 Does real life archaeology really trample evolution theory? 90022 Do you want true ANSWERS…with EVIDENCE? 90015 90007 90015 90007 90020 Here’s another treat for you … 90022 90275 this wonder from the past … 90008 Inside a tunnel, you hear surf pounding above you One drop of water plonks from the ceiling. Far ahead glows a greenish fluorescence 90276 90015 91129 90275 WARNING !!! 90276 91132 91133 DONT YOU DARE Get Caught 90008 In One Of These Tunnels! 91132 90331 90129 90005 90006 91129 This is one of archaeologys best-kept secrets! Ancient, mysterious smooth-walled subway systems.Violate these forbidden passages and stone doors will spring shut behind you. Other ingenious traps will ensure that you never see daylight again. 91132 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 90331 90129 90005 90006 91129 These are REAL Indiana Jones locations! 91132 91129 Listen. In many parts of the world are ancient tunnels under deserts and mountain ranges. They go on and on … 91132 90018 90006 90018 90026 90146 90027 91162 91163 90020 Where are they? 90022 91166 91163 90020 Why were they made? 90022 91166 91163 90020 Has anyone explored them? 90022 91166 91163 90020 Why do not we hear much about them? 90022 90020 90022 90007 Evidence… facts … answers … If you want my controversial 90070 Dead Men’s Secrets 90072 report, here it is … 90015 Click here to order 91166 91185 91059 90129 90005 91094 90007 90020 90070 3 — 90072 You’ll Gain a New Source of Enjoyment That Lasts 90022 90015 90018 90006 90008 90018 90026 90146 90027 90099 90007 90020 The Joy Of Discovery … 90022 90008 90015 90015 90138 90007 * Yes, 90020 ENJOY IT! 90022 It’s all here: 90020 FACT 90022… 90020 MYSTERY 90022 … and 90020 ADVENTURE 90022 … to THRILL you, stimulate you, challenge you. 90015 90015 90007 * Would you like to stump your friends, acquaintances and neighbours? 90007 90020 ENJOY IT 90022! 90015 90015 90007 * 90007 No more embarrassing put-downs from «experts». You’ll feel at ease, if challenged, because at last you have REAL EVIDENCE. 90020 AVOID THE STRESS 90022 of losing. FACTS will be on your side.90020 ENJOY IT! 90022 90015 90015 90007 90007 Information is 90020 POWER 90022. You’ll now have power 90020 to unleash a 90070 THUNDER STORM 90072 90022! 90015 90015 90007 90007 So why not 90020 spice up your life 90022! Have FUN with it! 90015 90015 90099 90020 Here’s The Tool To Help You 90022 90015 90007 Within 10 minutes you can have these 90020 one thousand facts 90022 in your hands as 90020 a powerful e-book 90022, to give you a very thorough quick-start.90015 91262 It Catches People’s Interest 91263 90007 Believe me, this archaeologist has searched high and low. And I can guarantee you, 90020 there is nothing in the world quite like this. 90022 90020 90022 Called 90070 Dead Men’s Secrets 90072, it is the great 90020 Attention Getter! 90022 90015 90007 When I give seminars, the media chases for interviews. This information draws full houses. It seems you cant keep people away. And do you know, they even fly in from other countries prime ministers, farmers, housewives, doctors, professors, lawyers, you name it.Yes, atheists, Christians, Moslems, agnostics, Hindus the lot. 90015 90007 And the book itself SELLS like crazy! It’s becoming clear that people are hungry for this sort of information. 90020 90070 Its hard to get. So 90072 90022 90070 90020 me of it is BANNED! 90022 90072 90015 90007 You could say it’s like a box full of fruit centered candy … you’ll find every chapter jam packed with surprises. 90015 90007 And, yes, 91289 you can get your copy here 91290 90015 90099 90020 You’ll Love The Easy Read 90008 90022 90020 90008 90022 Its plausible.Heavily documented. High interest. Still mostly unknown. And you can have it before most others do. 90015 90007 You’ll find it laid out in short, everyday words, with a fast-moving, conversational style. Pardon me if I say this. But it’s so simple, your cat would almost understand it. 90008 90008 90020 1,000 Facts Assembled for YOU 90022 90020 90008 90022 90015 90007 Have you ever been so excited, you just can not sleep? 90015 90007 You know, it took 90020 28 expeditions 90022 to collect this information for you.We dived to the bottom of the sea, trudged through remote mountain and desert regions of the world. 90015 90007 90015 90007 My crews slept on scorpion infested ashes, dived among sharks and detoured around terrorist ambushes. 90015 90007 90015 90007 Suddenly I realised how utterly explosive some of this knowledge is — and that deliberate attempts were being made to dismiss or suppress it. I knew this just had to be shared with you.So I decided to give you the benefit of my 36 years ‘experience. 90015 90007 90015 90007 What you’ve just previewed is a mere 90020 tip of the iceberg 90022. I could not possibly list it all here. 90015 90007 90015 90007 And this is why I’m offering you my private collection, with a risk-free life time guarantee. 90015 90007 90070 Here’s what people say: 90072 90015 90018 90027.90000 30 Masterpieces of the Ancient World 90001 90002 With an eGift, you can instantly send a Great Course to a friend or loved one via email. It’s simple: 90003 90004 90005 Find the course you would like to eGift. 90006 90005 Under «Choose a Format,» click on Video Download or Audio Download. 90006 90005 Click ‘Send e-Gift’ 90006 90005 Fill out the details on the next page. You will need the email address of your friend or family member. 90006 90005 Proceed with the checkout process as usual.90006 90015 90002 Once you have paid for your order, your friend or loved one will receive an email letting them know that they have a gift waiting for them at TheGreatCourses.com. That gift will be added to their My Digital Library when they log in and click to redeem it. 90003 90018 Why do I need to specify the email of the recipient? 90019 90002 We will send that person an email to notify them of your gift. 90003 90002 If they are already a customer, they will be able to add the gift to their My Digital Library and mobile apps.90003 90002 If they are not yet a customer, we will help them set up a new account so they can enjoy their course in their My Digital Library or via our free mobile apps. 90003 90026 90018 How will my friend or family member know they have a gift? 90019 90002 They will receive an email from The Great Courses notifying them of your eGift. The email will direct them to TheGreatCourses.com. 90003 90026 90018 What if my friend or family member does not receive the email? 90019 90002 If the email notification is missing, first check their Spam folder.Depending on your email provider, it may have mistakenly been flagged as spam. If it is not found, please email customer service at ([email protected]) or call 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. 90003 90026 90018 How will I know they have received my eGift? 90019 90002 When the recipient clicks on their email and redeems their eGift, you will automatically receive an email notification. 90003 90026 90018 I do not want to send downloads. How do I gift DVDs or CDs? 90019 90002 eGifting only covers digital products.To purchase a DVD or CD version of a course and mail it to a friend, please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. 90003 90026 90018 Oops! The recipient already owns the course I gifted. What now? 90019 90002 Great minds think alike! We can exchange the eGifted course for another course of equal value. Please call customer service at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. 90003 90026 90018 Can I select a date in the future to send my eGift? 90019 90002 Sorry, this feature is not available yet.We are working on adding it in the future. 90003 90026 90018 What if the email associated with eGift is not for my regular Great Course account? 90019 90002 Please email customer service at ([email protected]) or call our customer service team at 1-800-832-2412 for assistance. They have the ability to update the email address. 90003 90026 90018 When purchasing a gift for someone, why do I have to create an account? 90019 90002 This is done for two reasons. One is so you can track the purchase of the order in your ‘order history’ section as well as being able to let our customer service team track your purchase and the person who received it if the need arises.90003 90026 90018 Can I return or Exchange a gift after I purchase it? 90019 90002 Because the gift is sent immediately, it can not be returned or exchanged by the person giving the gift. The recipient can exchange the gift for another course of equal or lesser value, or pay the difference on a more expensive item 90003 .